Advantages and disadvantages of qualitative research Essay

This essay will initially present the advantages and disadvantages of qualitative research and briefly quantitative research. It will then go on to critique a qualitative research article yet due to the word count only several factors of this will be critiqued and the article is by Wills’ et al (2005). Later it will consider the use of the research paper within the clinical practice area; and discuss whether the results are beneficial to the nursing profession. The implications for care delivery will be addressed and finally a conclusion will be given which will include recommendations for future practice through research. There are two forms of research methods and these are qualitative and quantitative; there are many advantages and disadvantages for using them to gather information; yet depending on the answer to be found this determines the research approach used. Some advantages of using qualitative research are that it can provide an in-depth understanding of behaviour, a description of people’s opinions and it can explore feelings, all of these are through communicating and observing (Parahoo, 2006). Qualitative research is flexible and quantitative research is selected or constructed prior to the datum being gathered (Parahoo, 2006). Disadvantages of qualitative research are they are costly and time consuming. The approach used in this research was a grounded theory which is Qualitative research (QR) is the method of inquiry that seeks to understand social phenomena within the context of the participants’ perspectives and experiences. The research methods of QR are more flexible, responsive, and open to contextual interpretation than in quantitative research, which uses inventory, questionnaire, or numerical data to draw conclusion (Merriam, †¦.). In order to critique this article a number of the research factors will be addressed, the first being the credibility of the authors. The article does not state the job descriptions of the researchers however it does state  where they work within Universities that conduct research. With their job description not being mentioned it is possible that the researchers are not qualified to conduct research or if they are it is unknown how they where trained and Polit & Beck (†¦.) suggest that researchers should have adequate training in order to conduct reliable research. The title of the research study says that is about young peoples perceptions of their own bodies and that of others and it states that it is a qualitative study however through the study it talks about children from socioeconomically disadvantaged areas and this should have been mentioned in the title as it is a huge part of their findings that more overweight children live inside these areas. Sampling of where obese children live was obtained from a reputable source†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. A small sample size was used which is considered necessary for a qualitative approach, and it also contained the same amount of boys as girls which would of give the research overall richer data†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. The collection of data is essential as this is where †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ In the initial questionnaire given to the children they were asked various questions about their sociodemographic information; one of which was how do they perceive their body to be too fat, too thin or about right. Further on into the information about the data collection the research states that when the children were interviewed the interviewer did not use value-laden words which they say for example are fat and big. This contradicts what was originally stated in the data collection as the word fat was in the initial screening questionnaire. It may have introduced the children to that term although maybe not intentionally. This can be seen as a bias to how the research information was found. Height and weight measurements were also taken to establish a Body Mass Index (BMI) for the children and a small minority of girls chose not to take part as they were anxious about being weighed in school (Wills et al, 2005), it  does not however say if the anxieties expressed by the girls were addressed and intervention for it given. The interviews were conducted by the author and this can be seen as making it more reliable as there would be no confusion as to misinterpretation from another interviewer. All interviews were tape recorded which is useful for the interviewer to analyse the data, however notes where not taken and if the tape recorder was lost or broken then there would be no information gained from that interview. Questions that deal with in-depth descriptions are best conducted from a flexible design and unstructured method of data collection (Polit & Hungler). A non-directive method was used for the interviews which enabled new perspectives to emerge for example bullying and exercise and Parahoo (2006) strengthens this by saying that conducting qualitative research can allow participants to put responses into context and this will emerge with new data and it is called holistic exploration. Through new perspectives emerging it can give suggestions for future research topics based around obesity and this is an advantage to this research. Data Analysis It is not possible to know the researchers body weights and it may be considered that could their weight have affected the children’s comments. If a quantitative research method was used then it may have been able to answer the question of why are these children overweight. Pseudonym names were given as to protect the identity of the children and decontextualised data was conducted to ensure individuals could not be identified†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. During the initial weighing of the children some girls experienced anxiety and there was no reporting of any intervention or follow up care for the girls†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ However what was extremely useful about the research was†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. This article could be valuable in changing practice as it has enabled a start point for further research to be conducted; this is relevant as the United Kingdom’s populations are becoming more overweight and this can have serious health implications. Consent was given from the children and also obtained from their parents which is essential when research is being conducted on children. There are two types of consent and they are informed consent and consent†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Conclusion and recommendations for future practice It can be said that both quantitative and qualitative research have both advantages and disadvantages however this is only determined by people criticising the work of others.

Sustainability and Green House Gases

B. You will hold to take a Sustainability/relevant study of a Vietnamese/Multinational company from any one of the undermentioned industries. 1. Electrical and Electronicss 2. Airlines 3. Plastic 4. Agricultural Merchandises REQUIRED: You are required to analyze the chosen study and to compose a study non more than 800 words. Your studies is expected to cover the undermentioned standards 1. Extent of revelation ( Quantitative and Qualitative inside informations ) 2. Format of revelation 3. Carbon coverage criterions adopted by the company 4. Evidence of societal audit in the study, if any Corporate Social Responsibility is a direction issue whereby companies integrate societal and environmental concerns in their concern operations and interactions with their stakeholders. Samsung extremely focuses on uninterrupted betterment and bring forthing enduring returns to stockholders by keeping best pattern in CSR as a seaport for capital and endeavor in the market place, a nurturer of the environment, a developer of communities and a supplier of chances at the workplace. Net Gross saless by Business of Samsung increases 31 % from 2012 around four state such as Americas, Asia, Africa, and China. Samsung Electronics maintains four major types of merchandise including consumer electronic, it and nomadic, semiconducting materials and show panels. Company invested KRW 24.1 trillion for the betterment of production line public presentation in 2013. Furthermore, Samsung invested KRW 536.3 billion to local communities. True and just fiscal coverage, care of sound internal control systems and appropriate hazard direction model, proper precaution of the Group ‘s assets and bar of fraud and other abnormalities are purely committed by the Board. Besides, the company seek their best in convey quality information to investors, regulators, clients, providers, employees and general populace as timely and transparently as possible. There is a web site where employees can give feedback and study fraud or abnormalities from unethical concern of Samsung Electronic s’ employees. The website operates in English, Nipponese, Chinese, and Spanish, and involves 69 locations around the universe with 14 linguistic communications. hypertext transfer protocol: //sec-audit.com is the nexus of website whereby employees can incorporate with company. In workplace country, they perceive that long-run success will be determined by human resource therefore they guarantee a healthy and safe working status, invest in professional growing by supplying preparation and development plans and earnestly see just wage and staff benefits. They prevent hurts and occupational wellness jeopardies by supplying preparation and awareness plan for employees. All employees at all ages, gender, race, faith, nationality and instruction have equal opportunity to boom at common environment. Depending on the place, all staffs can take part in developing plan to better abilities. Loyalty grasp, retirement and public presentation awards are organized to enter employees’ attempt and advance other to seek. In general, Samsung continues to keep their first-class revelation in coverage, in conformity to the Global Reporting Initiative ( GRI-G3 ) model for Sustainability Reporting. They show the uninterrupted betterment in societal and environment concern by supplying extra information where possible. Under CSR study, companies provide a positive image to communities by taking duties in chief countries such as environment market place ( green direction model such as C describing criterion ) , communities and workplace. Samsung Electronics’ GHG emanations reached 2.23 dozenss of CO2 ( Less 0.15 dozenss compare with mark 2.38 dozenss CO2 ) in 2013. However, the decreases in GHG emanations is larger with mark measure is 3.90 million dozenss ( 88.59 million dozenss ) . ( Appendix 1 ) Samsung Electronics receives enfranchisement for about exemplary merchandise ( amount 40 theoretical accounts ) including nomadic phones, proctors, Personal computers, and air conditioners, and parts like LED and semiconducting material memories from participates in KEITI’s C labeling. On the other manus, Samsung received the Low Carbon Product Certification for two air purifier theoretical accounts ( cut down C emanations by up to 32 per centum to heighten energy efficiency ) in February 2014. Samsung Electronics received a Carbon Footprint label for two merchandises ( Galaxy S2 and Galaxy Note 2 ) in 2012 with planetary certification. Up to now, there are seven merchandises has been received a enfranchisement from the Carbon Trust. In the side of merchandises and services quality, they comply with all legal demands and topographic point best quality in their merchandises and services by following ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001. Besides, company besides received the ISO 50001 enfranchisement for energy direction systems at all operation site. To realize the societal part, Samsung set an attempt of quality instruction, occupation chances, and health care were identified as the highest precedences. At the beginning from 2013, company has operated societal part into five cardinal plans ( Samsung operates 383 Smart Schools and wasted KRW 32.8 billion, and wasted KRW 6.5 billion to run 23 Tech Institutes, vocational support plans for young person, puting 11.7 billion for Tomorrow plan and 6.7 billion for the Care Drive plan, 4.4 billion for The Nanum Village plan ) . Corporate societal duty plays a cardinal function in the hereafter development of the company and society. Making CSR, Samsung can convey positive image of the company to society and make stable hard currency flow and work force. On the other manus, it can be a portion of the sensed value in merchandises and services ensuing in higher client satisfaction. degree Celsiuss.Write a brief study on GHG emanations and its relevancy to concern in non more than 250 words. GHG emanations have been hold of import function in making concern. The planetary heating and the lateness in cut downing GHG emanation in the company ( Entire emanations that must be reduced to militate against clime alteration ) kept serious effects to the stable development. Furthermore, GHG can emission straight from the mill and indirectly influence to the procedure of bring forthing authorization. There are seven green house gas ( GHG ) emanations such as Carbon dioxide ( CO2 ) , Methane ( CH4 ) , Azotic oxide ( N2O ) , hydro fluorocarbons ( HFCs ) , per fluorocarbons ( PFCs ) , and hexafluoride ( SF6) and nitrogen tri fluoride ( NF3) . ( Appendix 2 ) All emanations are entered the ambiance or were born from the firing fossil fuels, or by the decay of organic waste in municipal solid waste landfills or during making in agricultural and industrial activities. There are some ways to cut down and command the GHG emanations are represented as followers:Provide C describing criterio n ( the gaining control and storage engineerings ) , ( Appendix 3 )Raise the efficient of authorization,Protect and heighten the reservoir emanations,Promote the agricultural and industrial activities to develop sustainability,Use the merchandise can be recycled, andReduce through methane by recycling every bit good as in bring forthing, bringing, and administering empower.If the GHG emanations have non been controlled by the company, it may be lead to destruct the environment. Hence, company should establish on the criterion for GHG emanations to command and pull off the emanation as possible. Mentions hypertext transfer protocol: //www.samsung.com/us/aboutsamsung/sustainability/sustainabilityreports/ hypertext transfer protocol: //www.samsung.com/us/aboutsamsung/sustainability/sustainabilityreports/sustainabilityreports2014.pdf hypertext transfer protocol: //www.samsung.com/us/aboutsamsung/sustainability/sustainabilityreports/download/2014/18_Environmental_Report.pdf hypertext transfer protocol: //www.epa.gov/climatechange/ghgemissions/ Appendix 1 GHG KPIs and AccomplishmentsKPIDescription200820092010201120122013Korea GHG emanations decreases relative to sales* ( ton CO2 /KRW 100 million )Goal–6.855.654.622.872.38Performance7.445.835.114.462.542.23Reduction ( % , compared to 2008 )–2231404753Global accumulated decreases during product-use stage.Goal––1,1692,6955,1088,469Performance––1,5293,2925,8348,959Appendix 2 The first interview expert can be an academic/researcher on Global warming/environmental scientific discipline. We carried out the first interview with Nguyen Thuy Trang who is pupil at IS-VNU. From the interviewer, we collected some information about the Global heating /environmental scientific discipline. She told that there are seven emanations for green gas: Carbon dioxide ( CO2 ) , Methane ( CH4 ) , Azotic oxide ( N2O ) , hydro fluorocarbons ( HFCs ) , per fluorocarbons ( PFCs ) , and hexafluoride ( SF6) and nitrogen tri fluoride ( NF3) . Furthermore, she assumed that company in heavy industry ( Infrastructure, empower ) , agricultural and forestry through more emanations enter the ambiance. On the other manus, she told us some stages to command and pull off GHG emanations. She commented that if the GHG emanations are non controlled cause by destructing environment. Appendix 3 The 2nd interview conducted with a professional from an audit/accounting house or caputs of Sustainability accounting subdivisions. We carried out the 2nd interview with a individual who is Le Minh Tu, work at State Audit of Vietnam. We had one meeting to interview her some inquiry about the function of GHG study in making concern. She told us the importance of C coverage to any concern and the international Carbon Reporting Standards and some duties in Vietnam to understand extent of C coverage. She convinced that a successful company that carry out the GHG Protocol Corporate Standard by strong and recognized method. Company uses the certification of Carbon Trust Standard to pass on with client. Based on C pes printing to cut down cost and put mark.Furthermore, the C study helped company recognizes the chance to cut down cost and hazard in making concern. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.carbontrust.com/resources/guides/carbon-footprinting-and-reporting/mandatory-carbon-reporting

Hersey and Blanchard Situational Leadership Theory Essay

Paul Hersey and Ken Blanchard inscribe fine piece of scholarly research papers and world class books. They formulated a model by the name of situational leadership theory and presented solutions for tremendous leadership styles while attaining the goals of the organization. Hersey and Blanchard, situational leadership theory: According to Hersey and Blanchard situational leadership model, an individual having leadership traits tend to adjust in accordance with the environment. Adjustments are made on the basis of follower maturity level i.e. the readiness to perform in a particular situation. Readiness specifically concerns with the ability and confidence level of the follower. Leaders identify whether they need to emphasize on task behaviors or responsibility behaviors in order to deal with the followers maturity level of employees, subordinates or team members. Robin and Coulter (2007) presented four diverse and effective leadership styles:  · Delegating: Employees are allowed to make decisions related to specific task hence both relationship style and task behavior are low.  · Participating: Employees participate in important decisions and share ideas a well hence task behavior is low and relationship style is high.  · Selling: Leaders sell to employee in a way that they have to briefly explain the task direction and they must support and persuade the employees at every step. Here leaders delineate the roles and duties of followers and seek out ideas from them. It is little bit a two way communication process.  · Telling: Sometimes leaders must explain employee’s specific tasks to do and supervises each and every work very closely. Most of the emphasis is given to task behavior and relationship style is low. Leader clearly defines the duties and roles of followers and major decisions are made by leader itself and it is purely a one-way communication. As the follower reaches the higher level of readiness, leadership control continuously decreases in terms of task behavior and relationship style. It further elaborates that the leaders must compensate for certain limitations like abilities and motivation of its followers. The leadership style focuses on the readiness level and development level. Four developmental levels are as follows: – Employees are less competent but highly committed – Several employees have low competency level and are not committed as well – Many times subordinates are moderately competent and variably committed as well – Numerous times employees seem highly competent and committed as well Those leaders who adopt situational leadership style must have the ability to implement alternative styles as required in a particular environment. It requires understanding the maturity level of the employees in terms of readiness and implementing appropriate leadership style. An important research explained that when follower’s maturity level is high, leaders must use delegating style hence leader intervention is very low and employees having strong confidence, willingness and abilities are empowered to make chief decisions and perform specific tasks. However if the maturity level of subordinates or employees is low then telling must be used as an effective technique and leaders must emphasize on task behavior. At this juncture the readiness level is low where instructions are given and the entire system is highly structured because followers lack capabilities or they might show unwillingness or insecure while performing a particular task. When the readiness level is low to moderate i.e. employees have the capabilities but reflect insecurity or unwillingness them key importance is given to participative style. Leaders give emphasis to relationship building and assists followers in understanding the task, gaining confidence hence sharing innovative and creative ideas with each other. Leaders also opt for selling when the readiness level of the followers ranges from moderate to high. In such case employees reflect willingness and confidence in the task but lack capabilities. Therefore leaders persuasively explain the entire task and provide followers with clear task guidance. Hersey and Blanchard further highlighted that leaders must be flexible so that change their leadership styles overtime. According to one research if appropriate styles are used during low readiness level then slowly and gradually employees gain maturity and they improve their abilities to perform specific tasks.   The devotion towards prosperity and development of followers and responding to them in an effective manner results into less directive or instructive style as followers get mature. It is widely used in diversified management development programs. The demeanor remains with continuous learning approach where importance is given to training and development to further enhance task behavior as well as skills and confidence level (Schermerhorn 2008). Implication of Situational Leadership theory in leading teams: Reshma (n.d.) instigated that no single leadership style is applicable in a workplace situation. One must look for the style that best fits a particular situation hence it is highly dependent on the situation. One of the recent studies reveals that four components of communication play important role in situational leadership theory: – Expectations must be communicated clearly in an effective manner – Top management must listen to employees – Superior should be delegating – Higher management must provide feedback continuously to improve employees performance Three situations have been highlighted that influence the leadership style: – Level of control of leader in a particular organization and how they respond to different situations. – More importantly situations have three times greater impact on an individual performance and play important role in shaping leaders behavior. – One successful leadership style might fail in a different situation. A situation plays an important role in making out positive and negative impact on the consequences. Hence one must clearly analyze and evaluate the key requirements of a situation and implement correct leadership styles. Natural abilities also facilitate a lot therefore leaders must look into their intrinsic values. Nicholls (1993) stated that leadership requires consistent approach with conformity to key facts. Leaders must transform from parent to developer and a balance must be maintained between task and relationship behavior along with the abilities and willingness to perform in a particular environment. Lande and Conte (2009) instigated that the maturity level of subordinates depends on work related knowledge, skills and ability. Gaining experience in terms of promotion, success, skill or confidence plays an important role. The critical perspective: Kasch Associates (2009) explained that competencies and skills are not inherited from ancestors. It analyzed task behavior and reveals that there exist several task actions which must be performed and it requires understanding individual subordinate and team member closely so that proper responsibilities can be assigned to individuals. It requires controlling and supervising whether employees perform the task effectively and efficiently. It highlighted several socio economic variables and said that leaders must minimize the distance and try to cultivate collaboration and integrate and foster two way communications between leader and the follower.   It clearly defined maturity as the willingness and ability of followers to perform a particular task. It comprises of both psychological maturity as well as job maturity. Job maturity pertains to ability, knowledge and skills whereas psychological maturity assumes that the follower owns a particular task and reflects motivation to further enhance the quality of the work and augment the norms and values related to self respect and self confidence. According to Article Base (2009) it requires considering readiness level, development level and leadership styles for boosting the performance and effective leadership. Those leaders who perform in group must be flexible and must provide psychological space to individuals so that they can progress. Nevertheless the rate and degree of maturity continuum varies across subordinates therefore leaders must respond in a customize manner and it clearly highlights the importance of intuitive appeal. Strict supervision stagnant the performance therefore superiors must opt for benefit/cost ration and continuously add value to the performance of the team hence superiors must formulate appropriate structural policies and behavior in accordance with the internal customers needs and requirements. Emphatic listening is the realm and in order to build long term relationship and commitment with subordinates. Conclusion: It can be concluded that there exists both pros and cons in the model. Nonetheless dynamic management firms and institutions draw on the approach and formulate strategic solutions. It requires holistic approach. The paradigm remains with principle centered loom and proactive approach. Both the lessons and experience are gained gradually and leaders can facilitate and assist subordinates and the champion followers lead to efficient and effective performance if leadership styles are adopted in a systematic and consistent manner.

Email Policy at Johnson & Dresser Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Email Policy at Johnson & Dresser - Essay Example It is legal under some circumstances and illegal in other words. It is necessary to for the managers to maintain the business ethics within business environment. So in this case it becomes legal when the employers at the time of recruitment or employment clear the privacy policy to its employees. They should know how much privacy they can enjoy under the privacy policy set by the company. Their consent in reading mails should be made the criteria of employment. So that they would know that all the emails could be read by the manager for any assistance. It is illegal when the policies regarding reading mails secretly or having full access to employee email messages is hidden from the workers. Or when they are told that they can enjoy full privacy in this regard but indeed they keep on eye on their emails. There could be number of reasons varying from organization to organization. It mainly depends upon the policies and nature of company. So mostly this option is availed by the companies to keep track of their employee’s performance regarding their jobs. For example they can check whether the sales officer is dealing with the customer in the suitable manner or doing his job with full sense of responsibility or not. Employee can use the email for work purpose only and can’t use it for personal use while at work. It is right of the company to keep track of it to reduce extra expenses. The negative consequence could be reduction in the productivity of the company. Only those employee would feel uncomfortable with this policy who really not too much in work. They doesn’t rely on handwork and are not that much fair with their jobs. But of course this policy offers bit strict working environment so employees would try to be careful for this they would work in pressure all the time which can result in less productive outcome. As far as my opinion is concerned, I think the appropriate policy is that employer should keep track of emails and

Popular Culture(2-1) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Popular Culture(2-1) - Assignment Example According to the 2009documentary film Tyson, the young man frequently engaged in petty crimes and took to street fighting on frequent occasions. However it was under the guidance of D’Amato that Tyson started performing well at amateur boxing matches and was admitted to the 1982 Junior Olympic Games. Although it was the case that Tyson only won a silver medal, according to the 2009 documentary Tyson became a phenomenon after he scored the fastest knockout in an Olympic bout at approximately 8 seconds. It was upon this foundation that Tyson made his professional debut in 1985 where according to Cyber Boxing Zone (2010) Tyson won twenty six of his first twenty eight bouts by either knockout or technical knockout, most of which ended in the first round. The man became a powerhouse the likes of which the boxing community had not seen for a long time and quickly became known to most athletics fans across the world. However this career which brought great heights ended up hitting rock bottom. Tyson stood accused of sexually and physically abusing his wife Robin Givens during his marriage in the late eighties. After the divorce Tyson was accused and convicted of raping a young woman in Indiana and according to Berkow (1995) served three years of a ten year sentence. As pop cultural consumers I think it is natural that we are fascinated with te rise and fall of celebrity. It is the case that during the height of his career, Mike Tyson was an unstoppable force and a near perfect boxing machine. However in his personal life he brought about a type of ruin that the man self described in the 2009 documentary about his life as being â€Å"A tragedy†. As with many pop cultural phenomenon’s we tend to view. As far as my analysis is concerned, very few people remember Tyson for his boxing career anymore and simply focus on his failed personal life which is a trend we have seen spread across many different pop

Sexual Abuse (Police Foundations Course) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sexual Abuse (Police Foundations Course) - Essay Example Moreover, the taboos surrounding the sex act affect the investigation of offenses related to it. The victim is often blamed and treated insensitively with callous disregard for the outcome. Given the situation, it is imperative that the investigation be conducted with painstaking attention to detail, because failure to do so will allow the offenders to escape the justice they so richly deserve. The crime scene investigation is crucial as it is the foundation on which the case against the offender will be built. The crime scene must be secured and photographs should be taken before following the prescribed protocol for such situations. The next step is the collection of forensic evidence "which might provide a clue to the identity of the killer" (Geberth 440) . Such evidence may often be the only way to trace, implicate and convict the guilty party. Physical evidence from the scene such as fingerprints, stray hairs, fibers, used condoms, gloves, urine, feces, blood, and the like must be carefully gathered and preserved as they are the means by which the offender may be linked to the scene of the crime and the victim. The collection of these materials must be documented and photographed in order to avoid damage from exposure to the weather or careless handling. The next step is the thorough medical examination of the victim.

The Impact of NAFTA and ASEAN on Globalization Research Paper

The Impact of NAFTA and ASEAN on Globalization - Research Paper Example This paper discusses the impact of two of the known trading blocs, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) on globalization. NAFTA and Globalization NAFTA includes Mexico, Canada, and the United States. It is the biggest free trade zone in the world in terms of gross domestic product (GDP). In 1992, Mexican President Salinas, Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney, and U.S President George Bush ratified the treaty. It was immediately implemented on the 1st of January 1994 (Hing, 2010). The idea of NAFTA is to encourage economic progress by facilitating the flow of products and services between the member countries. Trade relations among the member countries have widened significantly since the completion of NAFTA (Lederman, Maloney & Serven, 2005), although scholars differ over the level to which this growth is an immediate outcome of the agreement. As shown in the report of the U.S Trade Representative (USTR), the primary re presentative of the United States in foreign trade and an important motivator of free trade agreements, the general trade value within North America has substantially increased since the initiation of the accord. Regional business investment in the United States, still according to USTR, increased 117% in 15 years, from 1993 to 2007, in comparison to a 45% increase in the previous 14 years (Teslik, 2009, para 2). Trade with the associates of NAFTA currently comprises at least 80% of Mexican and Canadian trade, as well as of U.S trade. As stated by Gary Clyde Hufbauer and Jeffrey Schott (Teslik, 2009, para 3), â€Å"It has worked. North American firms are now more efficient and productive. They have restructured to take advantage of economies of scale in production and intra-industry specialization.† C. Parr Rosson III and associates emphasize that the notion of trade blocs is quite fresh in North America, yet claims that comparable agreements in other parts of the world have demonstrated steady gains when analyzed from a long-term point of view. The authors identify various types of ‘preferential trading arrangements’ (Teslik, 2009, para 4), from restricted economic and customs unions to more free trade agreements such as NAFTA, which have been thriving in Europe. The paper, mentioned in the article of Teslik (2009), stresses that preferential trading agreements can in fact make trade temporary and can bring about disorders in the labor market that are quite unfavorable to a number of laborers, yet can be assumed to have important enduring gains as well. Representatives of the three members of NAFTA have suggested an eagerness and/or plan to broaden NAFTA. This move would be both logical economics and wise foreign policy. The broadening of NAFTA membership into a free trade bloc in the Western hemisphere would prevent the detrimental repercussions of NAFTA and improve the ability of trade growth to encourage economic progress in the region (Caulfield, 2009). At present, there are four settings for enlarging NAFTA (Bernal, 1994, 30): (1) complete accession of other nations through a section in the current NAFTA accord; (2) employing a ‘hub and spoke’ system to add more trading allies to the United States; (3) Mexico or Canada separately, integrating several lesser regional trading unions into NAFTA; or (4) slowly expanding the trading rights of NAFTA to lesser nations without

UNDERSTAND THE PROCESS OF STARTEGY PLANNING Assignment

UNDERSTAND THE PROCESS OF STARTEGY PLANNING - Assignment Example The company’s strength is in its research and development team which focuses on dermatology and cosmetology. Such capability has allowed the company to develop new products like Armani Code Donna. The company has continuously registered dismal performance in North America where Procter and Gamble is doing well. In the hair styling market, in Western Europe, the company is doing poorly. Such performance undermines investor confidence (L’Oreal Annual Report). Markets like United States provide the company with new opportunities. The old population in United States provides a large market for beauty products. They use revitalizing lotions and cosmetics that give them a good appeal and appearance. Emerging markets in Brazil, India and China provides market for the company’s cosmetic products. Indians provide a high demand for hair color products. Threats faced by L’Oreal include consumers opting for new technologies like organ transplant, cosmetic surgery and advanced dermatology, the company could lose market for its products. Increased competition from companies like Avon, Revlon, Procter and Gamble, Unilever, and others poses a significant threat to L’Oreal. Availability of counterfeit products in the market reduces consumer confidence and tarnishes the brand image. PESTLE analysis establishes the political, economic, social, technological, legal and the environment in which a company thrives. The company is doing well in local and international markets. The hair color products of the company are in high demand, in India. The company registered 70 million new consumers worldwide and is targeting an increment of outlets in new markets. Socially, the company involves itself in education, affirmative action, science and other issues. The company continues to improve social lives in many countries. The most significant involvement is a partnership with United

New Federalism in USA Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

New Federalism in USA - Research Paper Example This essay stresses that the congress is an important body in the new federalism. The success of the statutory federalism depends on its restraint not to overuse its powers. It is because of the lack of restraint that the courts come in to limit the congressional powers. This can however prove to be less effective. For example, in Brady’s bill, the congress can use its spending powers to achieve the same purpose that it had intended to achieve by using the statute. Similarly, in the case of Lopez, the congress had intended to use the Gun Free School Zones Act to make it criminal possessing guns near the school periphery. The congress could use the commerce clause in this instance to link this law to the interstate commerce. It is for this reason that Ferejohn states that the judicial mechanisms used to regulate congress are blunt tools. Under the commerce clause, as stated the congress has the power to regulate all economic activities that involve the different states. This cl ause gives the congress broad powers over all the commercial interests of the nation. The commerce clause has brought in a lot of debate on the powers of the congress and whether the courts can limit the same powers. This report makes a conclusion that the new federalism has made significant progress in the politics of the United States of America. However, it has been faced with what seems like a tug of war between the congress and the federal government. The judiciary through case law, solves the disputes that may come in. The devolution aspect of the new federalism has greatly shaped the economy of many states as the federal government provides block grants to the states. These block grants are meant to solve various social issues in the states.

New HIPAA Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

New HIPAA - Term Paper Example It is codified under Part 160 and subsections C, D and E of the Act document. Negligence and ignorance towards privacy and security standards under the HIPAA act accounts to civil penalty coming under general category and amounts to fines of up to $ 25K for all violations within a year. In case of willful negligence and wrongful misuse of patient’s healthcare information, it is considered as a criminal offense under HIPAA and both fines and imprisonment apply. The fine can reach up to the limit of $ 250 K and imprisonment of maximum 10 years or both (McGraw Hill n.d). HIPAA generates awareness amongst healthcare consumers regarding the safety of their private and confidential information and knowing about who is handling that information. With fast paced technological advancement in medical field, use of patient’s private information can be made in medical research, reproductive rights or developing any new medicine or treatment. In this regard, HIPAA mandates both the practitioners and patients of the importance of the healthcare information and its

Gender Based Conflict Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Gender Based Conflict Management - Essay Example In his research, Valentine identified and analyzed five conflict resolution strategies that were used by nurses at their workplace. The five strategies included avoiding, compromising, competing, collaborating and accommodating. From her analysis, she realized that gender may influence the extent by which nurses choose their conflict management strategies. From the perspective of gender, women are perceived to be more concerned about interpersonal aspects of the relationship than it is to men. In this effort, female nurses are seen to view conflict management as a way they use while seeking confirmation and support in their effort to maintaining harmony. The results found out that male nurses resorted to using competing method of conflict resolution. This conflict resolution strategy at workplace is associated with the application of power by the competing nurses. This is as a result of the perceived differences in power between male and female genders and lack of self-confidence in the male nurses. Male nurses, unlike female nurses, fail to realize that differences in opinions can be used as opportunities to learn and solve their differences. In another study carried out by Friedman, Shu-Cheng, and Liu on "An expectancy model of Chinese-American differences in conflict-avoiding," the authors put it clear that Chinese have higher tendencies to avoid conflicts than Americans (Friedman, et al., 2006). The results of this expectancy model found out that Chinese use avoiding strategy of conflict control due to various reasons alienated to them, which cannot be applied by the Americans. Chinese realize that direct conflicts are capable of hurting their relationships with the other party. They have greater concern for the other parties. Therefore, they tend to apply the avoiding strategy to uphold this fact. Chinese are also regarded as a people who show great respect and sensitivity to hierarchy. Because of this, any

American Express Company Essay Example for Free

American Express Company Essay American Express Company, sometimes known as AmEx, is a diversified global financial services company headquartered in New York City. Founded in 1850, it is one of the 30 components of the Dow Jones Industrial Average. At present, there are 58,300 employees worldwide working in American Express earning annual revenue of $24. 5 billion. Its assets are valued at $124 billion, with $620 billion in annual purchase volume on American Express Cards and $87. 9 million cards-in-force. Each day, American Express makes it easier, safer and more rewarding for consumers and businesses to purchase the things they need and for merchants to sell their goods and services. An engine of commerce, American Express provides innovative payment, travel and expense management solutions for individuals and businesses of all sizes. Most of all, it helps the customers realize their dreams and aspirations through industry-leading benefits, access to unique experiences, business-building insights, and global customer care. It enables its customers to do more and achieve more. The vision of American Express is to work hard every day to make American Express the world’s most respected service brand. â€Å"Living up to our values is our first priority. † They believe in three operating principles they are: Offer superior value propositions to all of the customers Operate with best-in-class economics Support the American Express brand American Express is the worlds largest card issuer by purchase volume. They process millions of transactions daily as the premium network for high-spending card-members. The American Express is also known for helping mall business owners succeed by delivering purchasing power, flexibility and financial control. Adding on to its roles American Express also provides commercial payment tools and expertise that help companies control their spending and save billions of dollars, offer marketing and information management insights that help merchants build their businesses. The American Express employees are customer loyal experts with industry-leading rewards programs and platforms. They operate the world’s largest travel network serving consumers and businesses and are recognized as the most innovative company in our industries. They are dedicated to serving their customers, 24/7, around the world. The Values which they operate on reflect who the company is and what it stands for as a company. They believe in Customer Commitment, Quality, Integrity, Teamwork, Respect for People, Good Citizenship, Will to Win Personal and Accountability. Human Resource Practices at American Express Being a service industry firm, the employees form the base of all its operations and so the company gives a lot of importance to its HR practices which starts from assessing the need for new employees or new recruits. At American Express it starts with Projecting head counts, Assigning requisition number, identifying relevant profiles and estimating the number of candidates. The recruitment process starts with projecting the head counts i. e. by assessing how many candidates are required at a particular point in time in various departments. As per the requirements identified for different departments the company assigns a Requisition Number which differentiates various job requirements from one other. The Requisition Number is a unique code assigned by the company to different jobs which consists of the job description, minimum requirement for the job and the selection criteria. American Express then identifies the profiles that are relevant as per the requirements given by the Requisition Number and then estimates as to how many candidates will actually appear for the selection process. The company uses different sourcing channels for identifying relevant profiles as per its requirements. American Express uses both internal as well as external sources of recruitment. The Internal sources of the company consist of Employee Referral and Internal Sourcing Team under which the HR department asks its employees to refer the suitable candidates as per the job requirement. A candidate selected via an Employee Referral leads to the Employees getting a specific amount as a form of reward for contributing a resource to the Organization. As a part of the External sources the company contacts with External Vendors and Consultants and also goes to colleges for hiring. Beside this the company uses Job Postings also by advertising in job portals like www. Naukri. com, www. monsterindia. com etc. American Express also uses Social Networking Sites for inviting application by posting on www. facebook. com and www. linkedin. com . Beside the electronic media the company also advertise in newspapers like Times of India and Hindustan Times. American Express, for certain type of jobs, also invites walk-ins. After deciding when to hire and selecting different profiles as per the job advertisement given, the company goes for recruitment. For the recruitment process American Express generally prefers face to face interview. Face to face interview is given preference because of the fact that American Express being a service firm needs to test a candidate’s personality , his/her body language as how the person carries himself/ herself and his attitude towards work and also how he/she interacts with people. Face to face interview besides acting as a platform for assessing an applicant on the above mentioned parameters also allows the company to check the data provided by the candidate. The decisions regarding entry level staffing depends upon the attrition level of the company at a particular period of time. The entry level staffing is done in the form of bulk hiring and contacts from employment agencies are also utilized for the same. Wherein the company sends the required qualifications along with the Requisition Numbers for the vacant positions and then these requirements are matched up with the available candidates’ profiles. American Express hires students from across Campuses of local colleges if they are invited for the same by that particular college for recruitment else they don’t go for hiring in campuses by their own judgement. The interviews are usually held on Fridays, but as the need may be, sometimes they are conducted on Saturdays and Sundays as well. The turn ups on weekend drive ranges from 300-350 for Non Voice Requirements and 150-200 for Voice Requirements. For executive hiring American Express has tie ups with employment agencies wherein experienced people are searched for the Organization. Along with executive hiring American Express is into head hunting as one of its processes for executive hiring to have talented pool of people for the organization. American Express also prefers people from IITs IIMs for filling up their executive positions. In case of executive hiring American Express generally sells its profile to have good resources for the organization. Once the selection mode is finalized then the series of face to face interviews gets started as the further steps of selection process. Executive hiring is process which requires time duration of 3-4 months at least. American Express is into Bulk Hiring for Voice Process as well as Non-Voice Process. Apart from Bulk Hiring it is also into Executive Hiring. American Express follows a set process for conducting these various levels of interview. Since the number of turn ups for the Voice Non-Voice Processes are largely high they avoid taking an initial HR Screening Process; the reason behind this is lack of time. The Requisition Numbers that they get have a deadline that need to be met hence a HR Screening Process becomes too time consuming so it is avoided in the cases of Bulk Hiring. American Express is very staunch when it comes to hiring any candidate per se. Hence they believe that a Face to Face Interview interaction would be an ideal way to judge the candidate. The American Express has four Levels of Interview. First, Personal Introduction Round, where the candidate is required to give an elaborate insight into his Educational Background, his past Work Experience, a glimpse into his personality the Attitudes and abilities he possesses. Next step is the Voice Assessment Test for Voice Process and the Written Test for the Non-Voice Process. Wherein the candidates are judged upon various parameters like, their Communication, Accent, Voice Modulation, Pronunciation, Vocabulary, Spelling, Grammer etc. The reason behind doing these tests is to find the right candidate for the right role i. e. f one would suit for a Voice or a Non-Voice Process. The third step is the Operational or the Technical Round. In this the candidate is assessed on the skills that they possess and that are crucial to meet that particular job requirements. The candidate is interviewed on his Technical competencies abilities. Finally, they have something called the Offer Round. It is also called the Salary Negotiation Round. This round is all about the Compensation Discussion, a discussion between the HR Manager the Candidate over the expected compensation the industry set Compensation Level. Once this discussion comes to a pause a final compensation is decided and an offer is rolled out to the candidate. The Levels of Interview slightly differ in the case of Executive Hiring. The First step in Executive Hiring is matching the profile according to the Requisition Number. Here the one thing that we need to make a note of is the fact that, a stringent HR Screening Process is followed, where the HR Manager strictly follows an HR Screening Checklist, to check whether the candidate matches the requirement as has been mentioned in and by the Requisition Number and the Job Description. All the other levels and steps being the same the only difference lies in the fact that they do not take any Written Test or Voice Assessment Test. This Step is eliminated from the process of Executive Hiring. The reason being that, this level generally constitutes of Top Level Management Employees Officials and their mode of operation differs from the base or Ground level Employees. Rest they go through the same levels and steps of the Interview Selection Process. American Express believes in On the Spot job offer for Bulk Hiring wherein once the interview process is completed the candidate is given an offer letter. Executive Hiring or Non Bulk Hiring Offer is rolled out in 2days. (Within which the Candidate’s Confirmation is required). When the company hires the candidates in bulk then the entire process of interviewing to offer takes around 2 days and after the completion all the selected candidates are offered a job-letter. To close each Requisition an Average of 2 months is required starting from the process of selecting the forms, short-listing the candidates then conducting group discussion and PI and finally closing up of interview takes around 2 months. Niche Skills and Top Level Security Profiles take approximately an average of 3-4months. The technical skills which are niche, uncommon and difficult in nature to find takes approximately around 3 months because in this the company looks for a specific quality which can be used for further growth and development of the organization. Profiles of Vanilla Skills take 2 months to close. The American Express conducts a thorough Criminal Background Check, education verification and work experience. All portions of the check are completed before the Employee can begin his/her employment with the Organization. These checks are often used by American Express as a means of objectively evaluating a job candidates qualifications, character, fitness, and to identify potential hiring risks for safety and security reasons. The Background check at American Express is also used to thoroughly investigate the Employees Background and past information in order to get a security clearance. So this background check is extremely crucial in American Express recruitment process. They give huge importance in the same. If any of the above mentioned criteria doesn’t match in this process or a failure to adhere to the background check norms could eventually lead to the cancellation of the Candidates offer and Blacklisting of the candidate. Wherein the company cancels the application of the candidate or the candidate’s selection is being closed. Information’s which are being written in the resume has to be genuine and should be according to the actual background, experience of the candidate and basically those perfect information reflects the personality the ability of the candidate. It is very easy for the candidate to prove or perform the same on the spot and simultaneously differentiate himself as the able candidate for the respective post. The American Express out sources its Background Check process to various firms. These are Syndicate firms which does the background check for its new hires in return for a fee amount. The On-Boarding Process begins when Candidate joins them for an informative first–day orientation where they learn the ins and outs of American Express history and culture. On-Boarding involves integrating and acculturating new employees into the organisation and providing them with the tools, resources, and knowledge to become successful and productive. It is a 2 day process. On boarding includes orientation collection of documents such as the Experience Certificate or Letter, Reference Letter, Educational Documents, Identification Proof etc. Orientation at American Express is a social function which serves as a familiarization programme provided to new employees. It stands as a ‘getting to know us’ programme. So they give information about their policies and working culture means how to work with American Express. In this on boarding process the new joiners are also made to fill various forms such as the provident fund and gratuity. A Separate Training Department with group or individual training in specified areas focused on carrying out assignments connected with related field they are working in which helps in improving the skills and knowledge of the employees. Special training is given to all the candidates from Campus Recruits to Bulk Hires to Executives who are recruited. This training focuses mainly on the rules and regulations the company follows and what all are the objectives the company has to achieve. The Training Methods or Forms of Training that American Express uses are vast. It comprises of Formal Training, for all employees whether they are new hires of existing employees. All and one have to undergo a formal training session in American Express. Another form of Training that American Express follows is Lectures and Classroom Trainings where in the Employees obtain training in a traditional classroom environment as per their convenience and time. It provides the employees with an environment that includes a lab, an instructor, and a structured approach to teaching. Another mode of Training that it follows is Online Training. This method is generally used in case of training the Top Level Officials and Managers. American Express Values every second of its Employees time especially when it is related to the Top management because they are involved with the major operations of the organization. So instead of disrespecting their time by calling them for a classroom session it looks for their convenience. They take up their training programs online which is quicker, simpler and convenient for them. The next form of Training method that they apply is Questionnaire. Where in the HR Manager floats a Questionnaire to it Employees / Trainees and they collect their responses and give them the feedback. â€Å"An unusual method of training its employees but it tends to be more effective than classroom sessions† says Saumyajit K. Pal, HR Manager (MIS Analytics), American Express.

Influences Of Greek And Roman Theatre

Influences Of Greek And Roman Theatre Desire Under the Elms published in1924 is one of Eugene ONeills American classic plays. This play is written in three parts with each part divided into four scenes. It is based of Greek mythology and Roman tragedy. The setting is farmhouse in New England in 1850s with characters Ephraim Cabot 76 year old father, Simeon and Peter sons of the first wife, Eben son of the second wife, Abbie Putnam 35 year old third wife, young girl, two farmers, the fiddler, a sheriff, and other folk from the neighboring farms. This play portrays many elements of day to day life ambiences passion, betrayal, love, lust, hate, infanticide, tragedy, haunting past, persuasion, and sacrifice for love. Hamlet is a revenge tragedy written in the line of Roman Seneca tragedy. Passion; eroticism; pomposity; persuasiveness; incest; betrayal: partners in sin who go on a redemption, tragic and strong love, forbidden desire, rebellion against a father figure, complex love and hate, sacrifice of a child, the haunting past, determinism of the characters and their inner struggle. The elm serves as a catalyst to sensing, feeling and even seeing that which is not always visible. Elm tree meaning includes strength of will and intuition. During the 18th and 19th centuries, elms were popular as ornamentals by virtue of their rapid growth and variety of foliage and forms. This popularity lasted until World War I when the consequences of hostilities, notably in Germany, and the outbreak of Dutch elm disease saw the elm slide into horticultural decline. Elm wood is valued for its interlocking grain, and consequent resistance to splitting, with significant uses in wheels, chairs and coffins. The wood is also resistant to decay when permanently wet, and hollowed trunks were widely used as water pipes during the medieval period in Europe. Elm trees grow inhardiness zones 2 through 6. Buy an Elm New Horizon tree from Nature Hills Nursery. Elm is thought to be the tree of old Family and family tradition. Elm is often associated with Mother and Earth Goddesses, but it wou ld be completely wrong to say that it represents a female spirit. The main aspect of Elm symbolism is strength; and in that quality it leaves behind even the most powerful trees, such as Oak, Alder or Yew. Elm strength is dark and heavy; it feeds on primary instincts rather than conscious decision. This tree is quite inert and rigid, and its power is not rash; but when Elm gets ready, its strike will completely smash an enemy. Despite such prominent warrior qualities, Elm is not always good in battle. The matter is that this tree has much too passion for classic war activity and in its anger may become totally unmanageable. It personifies a mad berserker, blinded by his rage of blood, who kills everyone on his way, even if it makes no sense. Due to this blindness Elm, though strong and active, is usually not a leader, but a follower (and a very devoted follower!). As appears from the above, Elm is not an easy tree. Nevertheless, it should not be seen as completely evil, and no other tree should either. Some of Elm spiritual qualities are very valuable. For example, rare tree can do better than Elm in defending interests of family or close group. It stands to the last, and will continues to fight even in hopeless situation. Elm loyalty is unquestionable; and it will despise everyone, who shows a sight of weakness or hesitation. Elm is good for any magic workings, which are involving strength; and it also has the ability to add stability and grounding to a spell. Elm does well in dark practices, especially in spells that can bring irreversible material damage. It is known to dull the senses and cause depression or darkness, and is often used in dealing with shadows. Keywords: strength, stability, grounding, foundation, rigid structure, darkness, pressure, blind rage, devotion, loyalty to family, dark passion, fighting to the last. In The monumental tragic consequences of the incest passion that flares between a coquettish, seductive woman and her stepson, and the romantic rhetoric both use while entrapped in their sexual ecstasy. The two infatuated lovers before, while and after they commit the sin of incest, and attempts to measure their romantic rhetoric against such incestuous lust. The two lovers incest takes place in an ominous house teeming with family tensions, intense lust, hatred, and betrayal. In Desire Under the Elms (1924), a domestic peasant tragedy set in New England, Eugene ONeill portrays the grave consequences of the tragic incestuous passion that flares between a coquettish, seductive, young woman and her stepson. Abbie Putnam, a newly widowed young woman and is now old Cabots third wife, is a wicked, lusty, and extremely beautiful woman. ONeill portrays her as a woman who has a captivating and sexy figure full of lust, Abbie is thirty-five, buxom, full of vitality with a sensual face revealing her intense lust, Her round face is pretty, but marred by its rather gross sensuality (Desire Under the Elms 335). Hartman remarks that Abbie embodies the eternal earth spirit in whom all streams of desire converge (361). Abbie is a vivacious woman who lives only on lifes physical level, and once she tries to live on the spiritual level, she destroys others and destroys herself as well. In marrying an old man, the age of her father and maybe against her will, she was plannin g to seize the farmhouse and disinherit her stepsons. It is quite ironical that both Cabot and Eben patronize the same local prostitute. Though Eben hates his father for his immorality and sensuality, he himself is immoral and corrupt. He keeps visiting a whorehouse to sleep with the same prostitute his father sleeps with. He is involved in an incestuous love affair with his stepmother and fathers a son by her, thus disgracing himself and the entire family. Eben even takes after his father in some aspects of his personality. Both are lusty, deceitful, infidel, rash, stubborn, vengeful, and arrogant. Above all they are both the victims of seething animal passions. Their conflict over the possession of both the farm and the mother, the catalyst Abbie, and the incestuous relationship between the son and his stepmother all result in a great tragedy. The stock oedipal conflict between father and son over the possession of the mother runs throughout the course of Desire Under the Elms and takes different shapes, all of which culminate in the tragic destruction of the house and its dwellers. Hartman (1961) views the incestuous love affair that unites Abbie and Eben as a tragic involvement in the mother-image (361). Hartman argues that the oedipal desire for the mother is ruinous, Desire for, and identification with, the mother can cause evil to spread (367). The influence of Greek tragedy on the content of Desire Under the Elms is clearly manifest, however such influence is charged with a mystical view of the forces at work in and through human beings (Gelb 539). In their oedipal complex- based deconstructive analysis of the play script of Desire Under the Elms Murray and Bowman (1987) argue that although the plays locale is quite American, and is spiritually and emotionally tied to the puritan society, it is deeply rooted in structures found in Greek mythology (4). Murray and Bowman maintain that Ebens desire for his stepmother does not subvert his structuring superego and therefore he becomes a victim to his unconscious oedipal complex. the play is not based solely on the Greek Hippolytus myth linking Eben with Hippolytus , Abbie with Phaedra and Cabot with Theseus, but is based on this myth along with the Freudian Oedipus complex and the Nietzschean philosophy (5). Racey classifies Desire Under the Elms as a New England domestic tragedy since the Cabot family is disintegrated in a time and place when family was supposed to be the backbone of love, solidarity and labor (5). According to Racey, The Cabots tragedy is the result of a familial structure that could not sustain their sexual and materialistic desires (5). Despite the fact that Cabot did not commit any horrible sins like those committed by his son Eben and his wife Abbie, Racey argues that Cabot is the tragic hero in the play and its main character (95). Newlyn argues that the mutual physical attraction between the son and his stepmother reflects ONeills heavy reliance on the classical myths of Oedipus and Phaedra as a raw material for his domestic farm tragedy. Cabots tragic flaw that has ultimately lead to his downfall and that of all his family members is his excessive greed for property, hypocrisy, the delusion of his faith and his lust for women. Still he remains the plays only tragic figure. Cabots New England theodicy, as Presley states, gives him a towering tragic stature and an inward reality far greater than that of any other character in the play (27). Like an Aristotelian tragic figure Cabots downfall is the result of his hubris which not only causes his destruction, but also the ruin of the lives of his sons, new wife and even his former dead wives. Cabot, as Presley notes, is materially blessed but morally dissolute, blinded by a cage of greed (25). Ephraim Cabot represents what McVeigh (1990) calls the archetype of the senex amans or ridiculous old lover figure of Roman comedy (qtd. in Saur 106). Miller (1965) states that It is Ephraims self-delusions that drive his family each to their tragic ends ONeills prolix language and describes it as a vehicle for enveloping the extravagant plots and psychological formalism that owed much to Greek drama (22), and Cohn asserts that ONeill was the first American playwright whose dialogue gave his audience a feeling of observed life rather than books read as a result of committing the horrible crimes of incest and infanticide Eben and Abbie will live forever as sexual and social outcasts. They will never be respected in the community where they live, and they will always live under the curse of the crimes they committed, for evil means and deeds always result in evil ends. It is ironical that Abbie in killing the child was thinking that she, as Ditsky puts it, was sacrificing a future generation to ensure the present sensual enjoyment with her lover (qtd. in Hays 436). To prove her genuine love for Eben and to enjoy his crimson love, Abbie murdered the child. However, she did not know that in killing the child, she would be sent to jail, and would therefore no more enjoy her present love. It is also ironical on the part of Eben when he sacrifices his own youth which he would spend in prison for Abbie mistakenly believing that in sharing the guilt with her, he would join her in prison. He failed to realize that both would be sent to different prisons and might both be hanged. Their sacrifice is hopeless and their crimes are so tragic and beyond repentance. Greek tragedy by utilizing Freudian and Jungian psychology mixing them with some elements of Greek and American mythology. love and hatred, attraction and repulsion, desire and murder, incest and faith, and softness and hardness. The two elm trees resemble evil that is haunting the Cabots homestead, and they suggest the likelihood of the coming misfortune. Evil haunts the Cabots farmhouse and tempts its dwellers to commit dreadful sins. Cabot is a sinner and though he keeps praying for God to cruse his disobedient sons, he himself is an unbeliever. The Cabots feel the presence of an evil spirit in the house, but fail to understand the mysterious nature of such a spirit. They fail to unravel the mystery that drives them to their ominous ends. Cabot can feel the curse, but does not know what it is and why it is permeating the farmhouse. Even during the merry making scene, he can feel the presence of evil dominating the entire house. Desire is part of nature which is portrayed as an abiding absolute throughout the play (Carpenter 109).The play abounds with references to nature, and the characters express their admiration of nature on several occasions. The Cabots farmhouse is towered by two elm trees that reflect the image of Ebens dead mother and the entire protective feminine spirit that hovers over and redeems the Cabot farm from its hard masculine rocks (Going 386). In this context, desire, the mother and nature are seen as one entity reflecting the three constituent elements collectively. New England was far from being stereotyped as the new Eden for the puritans, but rather it was disapprovingly depicted as a land of hypocritical faith and greed for property.

The role of goal-setting

The role of goal-setting Goal setting â€Å"If you fail to plan, you plan to fail† People once said â€Å"Winning is not everything, but wanting to win is† (Lombardi). Nothing in life can come by just wishing everyone has to work for it. Thus, how could a person work for something haphazardly? You have to know what you want to get it. (Stein) No one can live his life no matter what happens and let his life lead him not having a life plan. Everyone should have a plan for everything; a plan for the whole upcoming future. Goal planning is all what life is about; it is the core of any achieved success. Goal setting is a powerful tool, whether applied to ones urban life, personal objectives or health aspirations. In fact, goal setting can make the significant difference between success and failure. Goal setting seems to be very useful on individual and community level. Before discussing the role of goal setting and its relation to success; what is goal setting or planning? Goal setting is basically a well thought-out arrangement or course of action. It is an authentic manner for identifying what one needs to achieve whether in short the or long-term, and whether in personal life or professional career. In another words, a goal is something that is aimed at. It may be a wish or a dream that one work in advance to achieve. Goal planning is a powerful tool, whether appertained to ones personal aims, health targets or professional life. In fact, goal setting can make the significant discrepancy between success and failure. If we have a goal in life this gives our lives an aim and a purpose that takes a lot of energy, needs a lot of work, incurs a great deal of significance and act as a challenge to us. In addition, goal setting can be applied on the organizational level as there is not a successful organization with a declared strategy. From the major advantages of setting a goal is that it makes the controlling subconscious mind starts working and begins organizing the ideas and developing strategies of an assortment of ways to result in the booming accomplishment of the goal revise language and expression. In other words; â€Å"goals canalize behavior† Cummings Worley, 368). Moreover, setting a goal leads to attracting attention and focusing efforts to goal-related activities, and away from alleged undesirable and goal-extraneous actions. An example for this, is an international company like Sony, founded more than twenty five years ago, has declared its mission which was that the Japanese merchandises will be the ideal widely chosen merchandise in the United States market. They noted down their target and hung it everywhere. When the boards of directors assemble, and any member of the staff offers a plan to do something or other, the leader of the board looks at the duty hanging on the wall, and probably asks that employee, how the offered proposal is relevant to the mission. (Khaled) Now, the Japanese products are widely used among the Americans. Furthermore, having a goal helps in utilizing sources by making the best use of them. Knowing ones sources helps in evaluating them how, where and when to use them. In addition to that, defining goals allows self evaluation as it helps in determining ones drawbacks, how to solve them the good characters in ones personality and making the best use of them. Moreover, planning goals helps in bridging the gap between where the person is and where he or she wants to be. In ‘Alice in the Wonder Land. a story often told to young children, through the events, while Alice was wandering; she run in to her friend, the rabbit. At a cross road she asks the rabbit â€Å"What way should I track?† The rabbit asks her what is her destination. She replies that she does not know. The rabbit then says, â€Å"If you do not know what your destination is then follow any road, it will be the same. You must know your destination, Alice.† In addition, having a goal in life pushes anyone to be a perfectionist in his or her job, and gives a sense of responsibility, seriousness, bearing responsibility, being proactive and valuing time. By setting goals in each area of life a target is given to each one, something to aim for, something that if someone achieved would have a dramatic positive impact in his or her life. Goals give something to measure progress done against, to see if what someone is doing is moving him or her closer or further from his or her ultimate target. If the actions taken are moving someone closer to his or her target to keep doing what he or she is doing. If their actions are moving them further from their target, then they must change what they are doing so that they can move closer to their target. Goals influence persistence. When working to a plan and the positive results start to appear, a push is given to the setter so he becomes high-spirited so he or she carries on going for his or her goal. Most theories of self-regulation put emphasis on its natural link with goals. A goal reflects ones target and refers to quantity, quality, or speed of action (Locke Latham, 1990). Goal setting engages creating a regular or purpose to supply as the aspiration of ones actions. Goals are concerned through the dissimilar periods of self-regulation: consideration (setting a goal and coming to a decision on goal plans); performance managing (making use of goal-aimed at actions and scrutinizing performance); and self-suggestion (estimating ones goal development and regulating strategies to guarantee success (Zimmerman, 1998). Goals improve self-regulation through their consequences on inspiration, learning, and self-efficacy. Goals inspire people to exert effort required to meet task requirements and carry on over time. Goals can affect how people use information. Goals assist people in focusing on the mission, choose and apply suitable strategies, and keep an eye on goal development. On the community level, goal setting seems to be of great importance. For example, the problem of informal settlements actually appeared in many countries like Egypt due to lack of planning. These settlements were built haphazardly by normal people. This led to many fatal problems. There inhibiters are buried alive. They are suffering from pollution and fatal diseases as there is no sanitation. They are suffering from lack of health care and in many of these settlements there is no a pure source of pure water or electricity. Applying goal setting will really help as it will help in evaluating the problem, knowing the reasons so as to eliminate them and changing the problem in to an advantage by making the best use of sources. As people work on a plan they put side by side their present performance with the goal. Self-evaluations of development build up self-efficacy and maintain motivation. A supposed inconsistency between the current achievement and the goal possibly will generate displeasure, which can improve exerted effort. Although discontent is capable of leading to giving up, this will not occur if people believe they have the chance to succeed such as by modifying their plan or looking for assistance. Goal achievement builds self-efficacy and guides people in going for new, challenging goals. While working with learners and customers it may be essential in the beginning to dole out goals while at the same time training them on goal-setting strategies. As people become skilled at setting down-to-earth goals we may expect that self-set goals would create higher self-efficacy and improved self-regulated performance than consigned goals because they will be dedicated to reaching their goals and feel s uccessful about doing so. Possibly one of the most instant effects of goal setting is the satisfaction one feel when he or she sets a goal, sticks to a plan, and achieve it. One only is required to do this just the once to know that the achievement and satisfaction he or she gain from attaining his or her goals is a strong method for persistent to, and relying on, strong goal-setting techniques and methods over and over And, once one starts planning for his or her goals and accomplishing them, he or she will promptly become aware of an improvement in his or her confidence level, which will possibly have a positive impact on every area of his or her life. In working to accomplish ones goals, one will also soon have better understanding of his or her strength, while at the same time developing a stronger sense of achievement, one that develop with every single goal attained. One should believe in his goal so strongly and constantly with all his senses and abilities. His belief in his goal must be similar to Pro phet Muhammads (SAWS) when he assured to his uncle, â€Å"I swear, uncle, if they put the sun in my right hand and the moon in my left hand for me to leave the message of Islam, I will not until Allah upholds it or I die for its sake.†(Khaled, 3) Goals are also an important tool for administrators since goals have the ability to be used as a self-regulatory mechanism that attain an employee a certain amount of assistance. Thus, there is not a successful organization with a declared strategy. Some people believe that one possible negative aspect of goal planning is that understood learning may be stopped. This is because goal setting may encourage simple focus on a result without directness to exploration, understanding or development. However, when goals are achieved at an organizational level and from then on solely given up, employee enthusiasm with regard to accomplishing these goals is to a certain extent suppressed. In addition, the goals of an individual employee may perhaps come into direct clash with the employing organization. In an organization, a goal of a chief may not adjust to the goals of the organization as a whole. Without allying goals involving the organization and the individual, performance may undergo some troubles. Furthermore, for compound tasks, goal-setting may really weaken performance. In these situations, an individual might become preoccupied with achieving the goals, more willingly than performing tasks. Fear of failure is one of the biggest obstacles that you must overcome to have a truly fulfilling life. Most people never set goals because of the fear of failure, and the fear of the unknown. When practiced inadequately, however, goal setting also has a severe disadvantage which can weaken ones success. Inaccurate goal setting makes people pessimistic, wastes their time and promotes misunderstanding about where to focus actions and energy. Goal setting, carried out poorly, inconsiderately, or for the mistaken reasons, can have a considerable negative impact on both people and organization business strategy. Organizations are often unsuccessful to achieve goals and intentional planning goals that are set top down, by decision-makers who lack fundamental information and are out of touch with organization disputes. The goals are improbable and they fail to regard as association resources and abilities. Workforce members do not think that the bonus they will be rewarded for goal achievement will be the same as the energy they spend to attain them. Commonly, administrators are anxious when they alarm job loss for breakdown. Moreover, too many goals make nothing a priority. Peo ple with too many goals experience these problems. They by no means feel as if they achieve an entire task. It is easier said than done to link their goal achievement to a reward and credit system that recognizes their achievements. They do not identify what is most essential to carry out next. They fall victim to the check it off the list condition where they check tasks of their list before the procedures have been incorporated by the association. Goal setting is an encouraging powerful, business performance when it tells the staff where he is going. Successful goal setting also demonstrates what accomplishment will appear like for the period of the journey and upon influx. When practiced badly, however, goal setting can unconstructively impact any organization in all the ways discussed, and more. There are some essential conditions for any goal: The goal must be comprehensible, definite and assessable, not unclear or uncertain. An example: if ones goal is to serve Muslims, this is not a specific or a measurable goal. This theory is derived from scientific books. The goal should include two elements: being determined and sensible at the same time. For instance: if a scholar says, â€Å"My target is to pass my high school tests,† it is not a goal; since it is typical that everybody should want to pass. His or her goal should be, â€Å"I would like to accomplish so and so, my wish is to be a valedictorian, to win the Noble Prize, to get a PHD.† A goal should be motivated and sensible at the same time. It is not supposed to be a fancy. The goal should not be a self-interested selfish one, but it should be heading for towards helping the society. A selfish goal is a short term goal. A person might want to have a great company for him and so the company was built, but what is next? One day he will retire. That is why ones goal should be directed to the benefit of society. In that case, ones life will end but his or her goals will not so this is a great aspiration and the vital goal. The more ones goals are directed towards pleasing Allah (SWT) and his or her countrys success, the greater the goals will be. There are some aspects that anyone would need in order to achieve the planned goal, in particular the psychological qualities anyone would basically be in need of to reach the desired goal: First of all hope and optimism are very important . One should always be hopeful and optimistic. Being pessimistic will destroy any progress as a pessimistic person will always think that there is no hope so why should she or he work and exert effort it will be the same. On the other hand, an optimistic person will never lose hope. Moreover, patience, patience, patience. One has to be patient, and never give up hope or hurry. The problem is that youth try once or twice and when he or she fails they despair and say, â€Å"There is no use, I tried many times and I failed. Prophet Muhammad (SAWS) tried with Arab tribes for twelve years, before he succeeded and went to live in Madinah. He tried twenty six times. On the community level, goal setting seems to be of great importance. For example, the problem of informal settlements actually appeared in many countries like Egypt due to lack of planning. These settlements were built haphazardly by normal people. This led to many fatal problems. There inhibiters are buried alive. They are suffering from pollution and fatal diseases as there is no sanitation. They are suffering from lack of health care and in many of these settlements there is no a pure source of pure water or electricity. Applying goal setting will really help as it will help in evaluating the problem, knowing the reasons so as to eliminate them and changing the problem in to an advantage by making the best use of sources. It is note worthy to mention the role of goal setting in solving the education problem in Egypt. The problem of education originates from the fact that there is no proper goal setting as the curriculum does not meet the market demands. Proper goal planning will help in assessing the current syllabus, changing the drawbacks and making the best use of its advantages; it will help in education reform. To sum up, Setting goals, getting a plan, and staying focused equals success. Without goal setting, a person wont be able to make a difference in his or her life. He or she wont be able of enjoying success or feeling sorry for a failure. He or she will be a person with no goal to achieve; and no life to live. Goal setting can change a zero value resource turn into a 100 % value resource!

Holocaust-concentration Camps Essay -- essays research papers

Concentration Camps   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Concentration Camps were a big part of the Holocaust. My first topic is the concentration camp Dachau. Then I will talk about another concentration camp called Bergen-Belsen. After that, I will tell you about the concentration camp Treblinka. Finally, the last concentration I will talk about is Auschwitz-Birkenau. Describing these camps will inform you that concentration camps were a huge part of the Holocaust.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dachau was a devastating concentration camp of the Holocaust. Dachau was built in 1933. At first, it was a extermination camp for Jewish people and political prisoners. Then it became a full-time concentration camp for prisoners. In 1943, the Nazis decided to force the occupants into back-breaking labor. The Nazis made the prisoners make arms and supplies for the war. At this camp, they performed brutal medical experiments on the prisoners. Over 3,500 people had experiments performed on them and most all died. When the war was coming to an end, the United States liberated over 32,000 prisoners on April 29, 1945. This was one of the most devastating concentration camps of the Holocaust.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bergen-Belsen was another horrifying concentration camp. This camp was a holding center camp. This means that the people that were sent there were going to be kept there until they died, or until the war was over. The people at this camp were usually killed by diseases like tu... Holocaust-concentration Camps Essay -- essays research papers Concentration Camps   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Concentration Camps were a big part of the Holocaust. My first topic is the concentration camp Dachau. Then I will talk about another concentration camp called Bergen-Belsen. After that, I will tell you about the concentration camp Treblinka. Finally, the last concentration I will talk about is Auschwitz-Birkenau. Describing these camps will inform you that concentration camps were a huge part of the Holocaust.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dachau was a devastating concentration camp of the Holocaust. Dachau was built in 1933. At first, it was a extermination camp for Jewish people and political prisoners. Then it became a full-time concentration camp for prisoners. In 1943, the Nazis decided to force the occupants into back-breaking labor. The Nazis made the prisoners make arms and supplies for the war. At this camp, they performed brutal medical experiments on the prisoners. Over 3,500 people had experiments performed on them and most all died. When the war was coming to an end, the United States liberated over 32,000 prisoners on April 29, 1945. This was one of the most devastating concentration camps of the Holocaust.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bergen-Belsen was another horrifying concentration camp. This camp was a holding center camp. This means that the people that were sent there were going to be kept there until they died, or until the war was over. The people at this camp were usually killed by diseases like tu...

William Wordsworth’s The Daffodils compared to Miracle on St Davids Da

William Wordsworth’s The Daffodils compared to Gillian Clarke’s Miracle on St David's Day In this essay I will attempt to compare two very contrasting poems, William Wordsworth’s `The Daffodils' which was written in pre 1900s and Gillian Clarke’s ‘Miracle on St David's Day’, written in the 20th century. Strangely enough Gillian Clarke’s ‘Miracle on St David's day’ was actually inspired by ‘The Daffodils’. In 1804 William Wordsworth wrote ‘a masterpiece’, two years after his experience with the daffodils, while the poem â€Å"Miracle on St. David’s Day† was written by Gillian Clarke around 1980, one hundred and seventy-six years later. Wordsworth was born on 7 April 1770 in Cockermouth, Cumberland, and raised around the mountains of Cumberland around the River Derwent. It was here that he would have been in ‘pure communication’ with nature and this was probably the inspiration for most of his poems. Gillian Clarke was born in Wales in 1937. Her parents spoke only Welsh but she learned to speak English as well as Welsh and currently lives in Tallgarreg, Wales, where she breeds sheep with her architect husband, daughter and two sons. The poems have many differences and similarities. I plan to write about some of them in this essay. The poems are set in two different places. ‘The Daffodils’ was written when Wordsworth was out walking on his own, in Gowbarrow Park, by the River Ullswater – which was obviously outside. ‘Miracle on St. David’s Day was written in a mental institution – an indoor setting. This has an effect on the way each poem is written. Both are written about the human mind, memory and imagination, and I think that writing about these subjects would have been quite hard to do. Both poems ca... ...hem his spirit is immediately lifted, and he feels ‘gay’. This conveys that the sight of the daffodils was magnificent, and this is why I adore this poem so much, I almost feel jealous of Wordsworth for two reasons – one for his being there to witness the daffodils and also because he has an extremely talented writing ability always at his fingertips. Clarke’s poem is not as good as Wordsworth’s, although she does describe the event very well, and the poem is superbly written, but in my opinion, Wordsworth has written a better poem, one which is renowned the world over. I say that I prefer Wordsworth’s poem as he writes about a more uplifting theme, and this gives Wordsworth the edge. Clarke’s poem is not as uplifting as Wordsworth’s. I think that he has used the perfect words to describe his perfect feelings, and that is how I describe his perfect poem.

Of Mice and Men “Which of the character in of mice and men is the loneliest and why?” Essay

â€Å"Of mice and men† is the title of John Steinbeck’s novella the name is inspired by Robert Burns’s poem. There was a belief that America was the land of opportunity. In the nineteen hundreds, there was great depression in America because there wasn’t enough money around, so people couldn’t get jobs with decent pay. Some people went around from farm to farm doing temporary work, they were called ranch workers. Due to this lack of money and jobs being temporary, people moved around so much they were unable to hold friendships, so some people became very anti social and others developed unusual characteristics. John Steinbeck was a writer who did travel around ranches and had an idea of what the ranch life was like I believe he wrote the novella not just to show people the lives lead in the great depression but also to give them an idea of what his personal experiences had been like. The two main characters in â€Å"Of Mice and Men† are George and Lennie. George is first introduced as being â€Å"small and quick, dark of face, with restless eyes and sharp, strong features.† where as Lennie is described as being Georges opposite â€Å"his opposite, a huge man, shapeless of face, with large, pale eyes, with wide sloping shoulders:† Lennie is very distinctive for his animal like qualities. During the play Of Mice and Men George and Lennie go round together unlike most others people in there time. Lennie has a mental disability where he forgets large amounts of the information he is given. This causes him to have to rely on his instincts. He possesses a child-like characteristic in the way he acts and responds to the feedback others give him. Lennie is a large, powerful man. He and George have a strong friendship and have known each other for a long time and don’t want to lose each other despite the friction that Lennie’s memory occasionally causes in conversations. George is a clever person and has a powerful friendship with Lennie. He finds that he is sometimes isolated from proper conversation when alone with Lennie because of his superior intellect and understanding. George has a need to look after Lennie like a parent due to Lennies mentality, he was asked by Lennies aunt to look after him when she died. I believe he uses this reason as a partial excuse to hide his attachment to Lennie as a friend and parental figure which he needs to feel moderately more secure than those around him who travel alone. Both Lennie and George need each other’s friendship and each other’s ability to survive; George provides Lennie with knowledge of what to do and how to survive whereas George has Lennie to protect him from physical attacks as they go around. They also share a hope to accomplish the â€Å"American dream† to go â€Å"‘An’ live of the fatta the lan'† as Lennie states which basically means is to live of the land or farm the crops. I feel that both characters have developed unusual characteristics to deal with the lack of people they can rely on and trust. Lennie has an unusual desire to pet anything that’s alive and show it affection. This attachment to his desire causes him to break the rules George sets him to help himself. I think this form of emotion is propelled by his desire to have happiness and be loved by something that lives. This is fairly ironic as every animal he pets he kills due to his strength, which in turn creates a void of loneliness in Lennies life. George does not appear to have any huge flaws, he is fairly untrusting as to why people do things and analyses everything he’s told. Apart from Lennie, he has no solace and even the trust between him and Lennie cannot give him too much support as Lennie is retarded and attempts to sneak animals around with him. Because they both have each other, they don’t feel like the loneliest people in the world. Is something George says to Lennie â€Å"Guys like us, that work on ranches, are the loneliest guys in the world† â€Å"With us it ain’t like that. We got a future. We got somebody to talk to that gives a damn about us.† Is what Lennie says after George has done his part of there story so all in all I don’t believe that either George or Lennie are the loneliest characters in Of Mice and Men because they have a friendship that no one else has and can talk between each other to an extent without worrying over consequences. The next person to be properly introduced into the novella is Candy, an old man who enters slowly into the room. Candy walks in and has his dog next to his heel an old sheep dog â€Å"gray of muzzle, and with pale, blind old eyes. The dog struggled lamely to the side of the room and lay down, grunting softly to himself and licking his grizzled, moth-eaten coat.† The dog is old and tired and hurts as it moves around; later on the dog is shot as it is of no use to anyone and is in pain whilst it’s alive. I feel the sheep dog reflects its owner’s future; as Candy grows older, he will be no use to any farm and will be kicked out and die due to his lack of money. I personally feel that the dog’s qualities are mentioned more than the man’s so that you see the man like his dog sharing a sort of bond similar to George and Lennies. Candy loses his dog the chapter after it is introduced. This dog is an animal that Candy has become extremely attached to and I believe he sees it as an old companion he can always trust to be there. When he looses his dog he looses his friend. Candy knows he is getting old and his fate in the novella seems sealed and he knows it. When he is of no use and cant do any labor work he will die. Which shows he must have lead a fairly lonely unfulfilled life even by that years standards. I consider Candy to be one of the people who could possibly be seen as the loneliest as he loses his companion and is sort of an image of how most ranch workers are doomed to end up dying due to loosing there abilities to work. He shows how desperate he is to escape his fate when joining with George and Lennie to try and get enough money to buy some land. The next character to be mentioned in â€Å"Of mice and Men† is Crooks he is a black person who is referred to as a nigger. He is disabled and outcast from the society of white people as racism was very strong in those years. He lives in a stable away from everyone else in the novella and has only books for company. The only one who ever enters his room without a purpose is Lennie and when he does Crooks starts off being uneasy about it when more people enter he pretends to be angry but it says â€Å"It was difficult for Crooks to conceal his pleasure with anger.† I think this suggests he is a decent guy who likes company but doesn’t want to appear weak to any of them. Crooks is taken advantage of by Curley’s wife a character who appears to everyone in the play to be trouble and not worth any of there time. She discriminates Crooks and has power over him because she is the bosses’ sons’ wife and they will believe anything she says about him and if that happens he will get kicked off the ranch. Of all of the people to be alone in this novella I believe Crooks is possibly one of the loneliest. Crooks has no one to be friends with, is discriminated against and shown prejudice and is also disabled so he cannot walk or get around easily. I think Crooks represents all people treated poorly because of racism and in a way how black people lived through the depression. The next person to enter into the novella is a woman whose name is never shown as she is always referred to as Curley’s wife, which shows that males are the dominant sex at the time the play is based on. Curley’s wife is the only woman within the entire novella she is a very complex woman and shows different people varied personality. She comes into the story flirting with the group of men she meets to tempt the men for attention and because she is bored. She wears makeup and has red lips and polished nails this suggests she has a lot of spare time. She is considered bad news by the men who are around her because she is the wife of Curley who is the son of the boss and can get anyone kicked off the farm. When alone with Lennie Curley’s wife confide in him about her life â€Å"I don’t like Curley. He ain’t a nice fella.†, â€Å"Coulda been in the movies, an’ had nice clothes – all of them nice clothes like they wear† I think that Curley’s wife was tricked by a chat up line about the possibility of her being in the movies and is fairly naive about the fact he could have been lying. I believe that she thought she was running out of options and time and decided to be with someone who wasn’t doing to badly for themselves and went with Curley. I believe this was a bad idea because Curley doesn’t have any time to be with her except to make she is being loyal to him and whilst doing this makes everyone try to evade her so they don’t get into trouble with Curley. So Curley’s wife doesn’t receive much attention apart from when taunting the men. She knows she has power over one of the workers especially and threatens Crooks as she knows how easily she can get him into trouble so she uses this power to entertain herself and discriminates him. I think that Curley’s wife could be one of the loneliest in the novella as everyone deliberately tries to evade her. Anyone she stays around gets threatened by her husband that does not spend time with her so she is left alone and since there are no other women around on this farm she is alone and powerless. Curley enters the novella shortly after his wife has and demands someone tell him where she is. I think Curley is a very insecure and aggressive, ignorant person. He is insecure because he is short and uses his strength to fight people who are tall so as to show that he is strong and keep a powerful reputation this makes him aggressive so the people he works around don’t like him. I feel he is ignorant for various reasons he fights to prove he is strong but the only one he is proving this too is himself whilst doing this he scares everyone else away as whoever he does fight will get in trouble and risk loosing there job as he is the son of the boss. Curley I don’t think is one of the loneliest in the novella as he has a wife and a successful parent to look after him and keep him content in several ways, he has the power to get rid of people he does not like or work against them and he gets respect from his status. Of all of these main characters in the novella I consider Candy and Crooks to be the two loneliest Candy because of the fact he knows how he will soon be useless and the fact he looses his closest companion and Crooks because he is disabled and discriminated against yet seems happy to be around people. I think Crooks also because he is sort of an outcast from a community that is made up from people who are afraid of each other but still able to group up on him when he is around. Both of these characters know they have no future where they are and wont be able to secure anything before dying both there fates are sealed with them completely alone unlike all the others that’s why I chose them.