Effects of Peer Pressure on Decision Making Essay

Our Peer-to-Peer interaction affects us every day. From decisions, we make, to the places we go. It is human nature to listen and learn from other people. Though we would like to think we have control over outside influences, studies show that our surroundings play a key role in how we function. Solomon Asch’s (1950) social experiment demonstrated, consumers often modify their responses, consciously or subconsciously, when surrounded by others with conflicting opinions. Peer Pressure is only rising in today’s society; it can’t be escaped! Our teenagers are the most influenced by peer pressure. Peers influence people because they want to fit in, be like peers they admire, do what others are doing, Its only natural for people to identify with and compare themselves to their peers as they consider how they wish to be (or think they should be), or what they want to achieve. see more:negative effects of peer pressure Peer Pressure is essential to social development. Its can’t be escaped! In turn peer pressure can develop a good character, if its learned to be worked the right way. There are 3 main goals that individuals have in the long term: †¢Accuracy – in that individuals seek practical, consistent actions that are reproducible, through the information they already have and the actions that they do. Think of it as a need to achieve goals effectively and with the greatest perceived reward. †¢Affiliation – in that individuals seek gratification that their actions ingratiate them with other individuals. Think of it as a need to create social relationships with others in a meaningful, maintainable manner. †¢Maintenance of a Positive Self-Impression – in that people have a constant want to increase their own self-awareness so that they can feel better about themselves. Think of it as a need to behave in a manner that boosts their pre-existing self image – through action, statement, belief etc.

Indoor and outdoor environments and services Essay

1.1.Describe the factors to take into account when planning healthy and safe indoor and outdoor environments and services. It is important to take into account the health and safe requirements of all pupils before planning or starting any activity, ensuring that the environment is free of hazards and the children can play and learn safely. There are many factors to take into consideration, when planning and preparing the setting for healthy and safe indoor and outdoor activities. The main factors fall into the following categories: †¢The individual needs, age and abilities of the pupils When setting up the environment, should be taken into consideration the age and the abilities of each individual child, particularly to those with special educational needs and children with EAL. Staff-to-pupil ratios should be adequate to the number and the individual needs of the children. †¢Specific risks to individuals It should be considered if there are specific risks to individuals. For example if there are members of staff, who are pregnant; children or members of staff with sensory impairments or any other physical impairment. In cases of such impairments, the environment should be made suitable to their needs and they should be provided with the necessary assistance when and where needed. †¢Organisation All equipment and materials should be stored in places, where they would not obstruct the fire exits. Drawers, cupboards and boxes should be clearly labelled, so it is clear where different equipment is stored and pupils and staff are able to find them easily. Rubbish bins should be emptied regularly, making sure they are not left overfilled. Water tubs should be labelled if there are with drinking or not drinking water. Cleaning and other hazardous chemicals should be stored safely and locked. First aid boxes should be refilled regularly and use by dates checked regularly. †¢Furniture The furniture should be the appropriate size for the age of the children, so they could sit comfortably and not having to spend time in uncomfortable position. Furniture should be arranged suitably for easy access and not over  crowded in one area. Space should be used wisely. †¢Light, noise and temperature There should be sufficient light for children to work without discomfort. Harsh lighting for long time should be avoided and day light should be used as much as possible. Noise levels should be considered and if there are any temporary causes for noise (maintenance work or other), children should be relocated to a suitable place, where they can work in quiet environment. The temperature of the rooms should be monitored to make sure it is not too cold or too hot. Fresh air should be provided by opening of windows and doors, making sure that this doesn’t create a safety risk. †¢Desired outcome for children The place of the activities should be planned in consideration of the desired outcome. Outdoor environment should be considered whenever possible if the type of the activity and the weather allows it. †¢Duty of care Usage of equipment should be monitored constantly and children should be given instructions of how to use it. Equipment should be stored safely and should be checked and maintained regularly. Any damaged equipment should be removed, repaired or made unreachable if its condition creates a risk of hazard. †¢Adequate space, according to the number of children and adults The size of the premises and the outdoor space should be planned according to the number of pupils. If the outdoor space for example is not enough to be used by all children at once, rotation plan could be made for usage by different classes in different time frame. †¢Accessible materials and equipment All materials and equipment should be accessible by the children. For this it should be taken into consideration the height of the children and their abilities (ex. Drawers should be able to be open without effort by the children). For younger children, who cannot read yet, labels should include pictures or be from transparent material, so children can find them easily. †¢Secure boundaries Making sure children are not able to go out of the school and outside people are not able to enter the school from anywhere, but through the specified doors and in specified times. Visitors should be wearing badges or be accompanied by a member of staff and signed in and out accordingly. Fences and security doors should be checked regularly. The area around the fences should be checked for any litter and cleaned. †¢Cleanliness and tidiness Carpets should be hovered regularly; other flooring should be cleaned regularly with suitable disinfectants. All areas should be clean and tidy at all times. Any cases of broken glass or any other hazardous matter should be reported and cleaned immediately. Appropriate signs should be put in place, for example when the floor is wet in process of cleaning. Example from my experience: In the play area for the Nursery and Reception classes in our school there were clear boundaries where the children can cycle to avoid bumping into other children, as well as for learning the road regulations. Suitable soft surface is in place where there is climbing equipment. Shaded area provides with outdoor space even when is raining. Etc.

Strength of Materials Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Strength of Materials - Essay Example Braun (2006) claims that elastic structure deformation when under a certain load reduces the maximum potential strain energy as per the virtual work principles. The deformed structures strain energy relies mostly on the load applied as well as on the structural design of the whole body. With prescription of the elastic properties of the structural members, the topology and the load exerted on the structure, the strain energy of the structure under particular load becomes a function of the nodal co-ordinates of the undeformed structure. To enhance the rigidity of the structure the nodes can be relocated in a particular way to reduce or minimize the strain energy. Material or configurational forces which maintain the shape of a particular structure are achieved through deriving the strain energy regarding the nodal coordinates. These forces when released make the structure take a shape with less or minimized strain energy thus the structure gets more rigidity. Some nodes require to be fixed because of constructional purposes for the optimization of the process. The support and applied loads locations can not be altered. The analysis of strain gauges gives a significant benefit to functional structures by directly assessing the state of resistance and movement of a particular structure in the mechanical environment where it runs. ... They are also applicable where the assumptions of simple shape of a certain structure defined loading of theoretical analyses are hard to obtain thus the strain gauges can be employed to provide significant information pertaining these. The strain gauges are useful to finding several functional analyses and information regarding performance of individual beams which leads to functional interpretations of structural design (Swartz, 1991). Strain gauges are gadgets used for measuring distance changes between several points in solid bodies when they experience some deformations. Work done in producing deflection of the body produces strain energy that is deflected in the strain gauge. They get information which is used in finding the stresses in those bodies or indicate and measure quantities such as pressure, force, electrical resistance and acceleration. They exhibit a change in resistance that is proportional to the mechanical strain exerted in the bodies. Most common strain gauge includes the insulating flexible backing that gives support to a pattern of a metallic foil. It is attached to the body and deforms as the body deforms leading to electrical resistance due to the alteration which is measured with the use of a Wheatstone bridge that relates the strain to a quantity termed as gauge factor. The gauge factor, Given, Refers To the Undeformed Gauge Resistance =Change in Resistance Due To Strain andStrain Metallic foil gauges have gauge factor a little more than two. Given, BV-bridge excitation voltage. Gauges used in measuring temperature variations detect change in size of the object due to thermal expansion as a strain and indicates in the gauge. This causes the

The Lady With The Toy Dog Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Lady With The Toy Dog - Essay Example The story ends with the two of them preparing to take on the beginning of their mysterious relationship. The relationship that Gomov was trying to create with Anna was similar to the relationship he had built up with his wife. He had loved his wife, but found himself waning in his attraction to her. This was something that he did not see coming. Gomov was looking for something new, but the ending of the story, which is no ending at all, reveals that his new relationship with Anna is as uncertain as his relationship had been with his wife. The lack of a proper ending suggests that what happens to Gomov and Anna is as unexpected as what took place between Gomov and his wife. The relationship was perfect at first, but then Gomov started to stray. By not ending the short story, Chekov carries on the concept that anything could have happened to the new couple, just as anything happened to the previous couple. The majority of the relationship between Gomov and Anna was based on silence, another aspect of mystery and uncertainty. Their togetherness and love was built on silence, as was the growth of their relationship. Chekov strengthened this silence by continuing to remain silent as to Gomov and Anna’s future, playing on the mystery that their relationship was already shrouded in. This same mystery covers every relationship, fictional or real. There is no definite outcome for any relationship, but there will always be something more, though it will remain a mystery until it

Solar energy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Solar energy - Research Paper Example Solar energy is the power that is produced directly by the sun and collected somewhere else, mostly on the Earth. The sun is the nearest and biggest star and the source of energy for the planet of Earth. The sun's energy has been in use for a lengthy time, and it is a critical part of life. The solar energy is a fundamental need for humans. The image of the sun has many theories, histories and myths associated with it. For centuries, it has been the God, or the holy part of different religions, for example, the American native tribes and Greeks worshipped it. It is also an essential part of many religions as they hold it dear to their worship, for example, Hinduism, Buddhism and druids of England hold the sun as the precedence of their existence. It is a fact that without the solar energy, human life would be inexistent. Sunlight is crucial as the living organisms circle around it for survival. According to Mahaney (10), plants depend on sunlight for photosynthesis to take place, thu s, helping in their growth while, on the other hand, providing food for animals. The sun and other stars are, in essence, responsible for providing human beings with energy. In the current climate, mounting power requirements and escalating environmental worry, unconventional to the exploit of non-renewable and polluting relic fuels, have to be scrutinized. An instance of energy that requires to be investigated is the solar energy (Tiwari 199). The sun produces its energy by a thermonuclear process that converts several tons of hydrogen to helium each second. The procedure produces heat and electromagnetic radiation as the sun retains the heat, which is instrumental in maintaining the thermonuclear reaction. The electromagnetic radiation is distributed and streamed out into space in all directions. These rays entail noticeable and infra-red, as well as ultraviolet, light. From the radiations produced, only a little fraction manages to penetrate, and reach the planet Earth (Mahaney 4 ). The radiations reach the Earth in a form of indirect source of nearly every type of power used today. The only form of energy that does not rely upon solar energy is the geothermal energy and nuclear fission and synthesis. Even fossil fuels are reliant on the sun for their energy, as they were once live creatures and plants that utilized solar energy for their survival. Table of world energy usage as per the year 2000 Energy source Solar energy Electricity Fuel oil Liquefied petroleum other percentage 51.2 30.3 9.3 6.5 1.9 The table above shows world consumption rates of different sources of energy. Solar energy is the most utilized one followed by electricity, according to the table. The world’s most needed solar energy can easily be harnessed and completed by solar power. Much of it can also be supplied indirectly. Because of its nature, solar energy requires two components for it to perform; these are the collector and the storage unit. The radiations are gathered by th e collector as they fall on it and convert a fraction of the radiations to other varieties of energy, such as electricity and heat. The storage unit holds the excess energy produced at maximum productivity and discharges it when the productivity falls. The storage unit is necessary because of the inconsistencies of solar energy (Tiwari 192). Solar energy is one of the most plentiful sources of energy, which is easily available to

Female Labor Force Participation Rate 1980 vs Today Research Paper

Female Labor Force Participation Rate 1980 vs Today - Research Paper Example African American segment of the society and especially women belonged from the lower social strata due to which they had realized the significance of education. Thus, more and more women were trying to acquire a higher social status for themselves due to which more and more women started getting enrolled for school. On the other hand, white women belonged from a better off social status, thus, their focus towards education was slightly less than African American women, which also explains the statistics i.e. percentage of change in their participation in labor force isn`t as high as for African Americans. Thus, African American women in America have been engaged in the struggle to achieve a higher social status, for which they got enrolled for high-school to attain a higher status in the society so that they can compete with whites for better job opportunities. To test this theory, data has been gathered to compare the enrollment rate for high-school for both Whites as well as for Af rican Americans over time to see if the result complies with the potential explanation. Quite strikingly, the college graduation rate for African American women is too high as compared to White women. This trend hasn’t been reflected in the participation statistics in labor force, however, to some extent it does comply with the theoretical explanation given above. As compared to the white women, the African American women show an increased rate of education attainment.This implies that the rate of change of employment must also increase.

The impact of exercise on mental health Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The impact of exercise on mental health - Essay Example It is important for an addict to seek a particular exercise to be able to break the vice as this will also be able to finish the urge or reduce it.an addiction leads to becoming a habit for the victim and therefore for one to break a particular habit through exercise to break the monotony. An addiction has been described as a chronic disease because it affects the brain activity to be able to specify the notion of the body as a particular activity that needs to be done. Exercise can also be used to boost dopamine. In this it helps fight the stimuli effect or the urge back in the mind of the user of the particular addiction taking back to the brain and the user can view a particular activity as not important and this will lead to more inconsistency and lead to freedom. The challenge of quitting an addiction with one day is that the hypothalamic pituitary gland is thrown off balance as it was already used to the habit. The withdrawal affect comes over and this might lead to o ne to seek more of the addicted substance if they come into contact with it. The need for exercise is that it boosts dopamine which elevates the need for mood and also reduces drowsiness for the patient leading to boost of morale for the user. Exercise helps in rebuilding the mind by increasing neurogenesis. When this is done the urge of the addiction is almost brought to zero therefore enabling one to perform more alert and to be tolerant with the withdrawal symptoms. It is this aspect that exercise increases the neurogenesis and therefore helps in breaking the addiction. Exercise battles the anxiety and depression that comes with withdrawal. When one stops to indulge with an addiction there is a gap to his/her day activity and for it to be properly filled one has to replace with a new positive habit for

Poem Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Poem - Essay Example em for the country because of the illegal immigrants that find themselves immersing themselves into our society, I cannot help but think about whether they too are thinking along the terms of the â€Å"The Melting Pot† when they decided to come and try their luck in entering the United States. This is perhaps a mentality and a belief that has not changed for the immigrants because it is the very idea that has been fed to them for generations. Thus, â€Å"The Melting Pot† has become the official name for the American immigrant culture where they arrive as foreigners but become American. Yet becoming an American never meant that they had to give up who they are as foreigners to this land. That is what makes me sad. For as long as foreigners in the United States are not forced to give up their past in favor of the traditions and culture of their current homeland, immigration, both legal and illegal, could very well be the demise of the great country known as the United States of

Inovation In Tourism In Response To Global Concerns Essay

Inovation In Tourism In Response To Global Concerns - Essay Example Natural resources such as water are being strained by the need to use the resources to generate energy for use in the tourism areas. Forests are being torn down to pave the way for the construction of hotels and resorts to be used by tourists, hence devastating entire landscapes. Political instability in a country or adverse natural disasters such as floods, famine and tsunami are also seen to adversely affect the global tourism industry (Conrady, Buck, Viehl, & Tittel, 2011, p. 157). The effects of political instability were clearly seen in Russia in 1991 when the country’s tourism declined by approximately 10 times as a result of the cessation of subsidies given to the industry by the union (Renard et al., 1997, p. 138). â€Å"In some countries, the industry is experiencing a huge backlash as a result of the repercussions of the global economic slowdown that affected the entire world. Some major markets such as Greece and Spain are still suffering from the 2009 global slowdown. The backlash was more pronounced in countries that rely on mainly Europe and America as their main traditional markets as these were the hardest hit by the recession† (African Development Bank, 2009, p. 437). The recent terrorism activities have caused heightened security and safety concerns in the tourism industry. A reduction in tourism spending within a country due to security concerns generally leads to weakened local economies which might have the effect of placing the affected government under a lot of stress. This can have the effect of causing the country to experience general destabilization throughout all its sectors and, hence, help in the attainment of terrorism’s main agenda of destabilization (Henderson, 2012). The increased fuel costs have caused the cost of travel to greatly increase to levels where most ordinary people are

Divergent Suggested Essays Essay Example for Free

Divergent Suggested Essays Essay Suggested Essay Questions 1.In what ways does Triss identity develop over the course of the novel? Tris began the novel timid and unsure of herself and her desires, which was characteristic of her Abnegation upbringing: she was never allowed to focus on herself, so she never knew exactly what she wanted. Upon choosing Dauntless her bravery obviously begins to blossom, but she experiences some other changes as well. She forges friendships and relationships central to her identity, with people who bring out the best in her. And she learns that though she has chosen another faction, she can still be selfless; and indeed she is, time and time again. By the end of the novel, she is fully aware of herself as Divergent someone who does not fit in, but who cannot be controlled. The events of the end of the novel reinforce who she has been selfless and who she wants to become brave. There are many significant experiences to discuss, both good and bad, that shaped Tris as a person throughout her time in Dauntless. 2.Compare and contrast this rigidly structured society with our own. What are the pros and cons of each? Does one provide a more effective lifestyle than the other? The distinctions between Triss society and our own are very apparent; their idea of becoming a good person involves selecting one virtue to cultivate their entire lives, while for us, being good and morally sound involves a mixture of all of their faction virtues and more. Socially, we have much more freedom of choice, but is that freedom always a good thing? Studying any of the five virtues of Triss world can indeed have positive effects on ones life. It all depends on perspective; either could be seen as the more effective lifestyle, depending on how you look at it, but the faction system certainly makes some significant missteps in trying to control and direct a persons identity and humanity. 3.Discuss the soundness of a government run only by a single faction. Is Jeanine Matthews truly wrong for calling for greater representation, or is it better to keep administration in the hands of the selfless? This is certainly a far cry from our system of democracy. While having the innately selfless run the government seems like a respectable idea in theory, in practice it may fall short. Abnegation do not have the same goals in life as Erudite, Candor, Amity, or Dauntless, so therefore it is natural that their administration is called into question. Perhaps a system with equal representation from every faction would be a better strategy; though policy would not consist of extremely selfless acts, sometimes representatives do have to be selfish advocates for their people. And with everyone having a say, there would be much less chance of a rebellion the size of Erudites. Jeanine wasnt entirely wrong in what she preached, but she certainly went about it the wrong way, and Abnegation wasnt to blame for a system that had been flawed from the start. 4.What are the benefits of sorting people into social groups the way the factions are sorted? What are the drawbacks? We tend to subconsciously sort ourselves into groups regardless; we gravitate towards people with similar interests as us, people with similar backgrounds, people who look like us. With a society organized into groups, citizens are always surrounded by like-minded people, and there is a much greater chance of getting along with those who think like you. On the other hand, though, that separation can promote intolerance and prejudice, which is obviously apparent in the novel; all the factions shunned the values of their competitors, promoting a far too separated way of life. 5.There are only five factions; are there any other human virtues missing from the list? Why would these be necessary in well-rounded citizens? Valuing only honesty, selflessness, peacefulness, bravery, and intelligence seems like a very small slice of the vast majority of honorable human virtues. Another faction could exist based on loyalty; many of the problems  in Triss world (and our own) are caused by betrayal and distrust. A faction based on diligence could ensure that all its citizens are hardworking and productive. And there could also be a faction based on creativity, which shapes the mind in many ways the other factions do not. 6.Discuss Tris Prior as our protagonist. Is she a reliable narrator? Does she always tell the truth? Are we constrained by her point of view? Tris is typically a very straightforward narrator, though perhaps her point of view is often clouded by her own personal prejudices. We do not get a good sense of Peters character, for instance, because she is always so determined to hate him; perhaps there is more to him than meets the eye. Were certainly constrained by her perspective, only knowing what she knows at any given time. We solve the mysteries of Four, her mother, and the Erudite-Abnegation feud only as soon as she does, because the story is told only from her first person perspective. The limits of this perspective does allow for some mystery and tension, though, as well as the strong impression of Tris as a hero. 7.What significance do Triss relationships have in her life? Various relationships begin to blossom for Tris only after shes left Abnegation. Her family is broken apart, but at a distance she seems to get even closer to her mother, learning more about her past than she ever knew before. In Abnegation, Tris never had true friendships, but in Dauntless she becomes close to Will, Christina, Al, Uriah, and some of the other initiates. Without them, she wouldnt have had the support she needed to get through initiation. And finally, her relationship with Four has changed her in many ways; shes been given someone to open up to, who in turn opens up to her, and for a person with as much to deal with as Tris, this is absolutely essential. 8.Compare and contrast Peter and Jeanine Matthews as antagonists. Who would be considered the central antagonist? Both Peter and Jeanine serve as Triss enemies, but in very different ways. Peter is more present throughout the novel, causing trouble for Tris during initiation, her most immediate concern. But Jeanine is an antagonist on a larger scale; though she doesnt make an actual appearance until late in the novel, we know shes been behind the growing rebellion of the Erudite and the hunt for Divergent. Jeanines aims and the reach of her grasp lead to something much, much larger than a struggle for ranking during initiation. For this reason, only Jeanine can be considered the central antagonist. 9.In what ways is the brewing war between Abnegation and Erudite reminiscent of our societal power struggles? Though the battle at the culmination of the novel is fought with high-tech innovations like simulations, the circumstances that caused it can be easily compared to the power struggles in our own society. It starts with a group of people believing theyve been treated unjustly, with an unfairly small amount of say in government, and ends with a bloody battle to determine who stays and who goes. Revolutions and major modern-day wars begin in much the same way. Jeanine Matthews is representative of the persuasive, charismatic, and intelligent leader who is able to convince her people to rally against another group; in this case, Abnegation. Jeanines method of manipulation through propaganda (false claims about Abnegation) and disrespect for others based on a perceived difference or lack mirrors fascist leaders from history. 10.Which theme in the novel would you consider the most significant, and why? Though many major themes in Divergent are prevalent, the one that constantly comes into play is the theme of identity and how ones choices determine self. Tris is constantly making choices that define who she is, starting with the major one on Choosing Day and continuing throughout initiation, ending with her decision not to shoot Tobias in the control room in order to stop the simulation. Her identity develops further with every decision, and eventually she learns that she can truly be brave and selfless at the same time. This theme applies to other characters as well; Caleb, for instance, chose to switch to Erudite in order to stay true to his own identity, but  eventually returns to Abnegation because he decides that Erudites plans were wrong, and he could not be a part of it. Each and every character in the novel makes at least one choice that aids in determining their identity; therefore, this theme is extremely significant.

Development of Architecture During the Industrial Revolution

Development of Architecture During the Industrial Revolution Introduction The industrial revolution is one of the Great changes in human history. It starts in the middle of 18 century in Britain and continuing until now. Before the Revolution, there were no cities only villages. To get from one village to another people used galloping horse, which was the main and fastest transportation of that time. For majority of people the agriculture was dominant. When industrial revolution begins, agriculture and hand-made been stopped. Things that describes the period of Industrial revolution are inventions of steam engine, coal and iron. Everything is changed when James Watt created a â€Å"steam engine† in 1769. Invention of steam engine provided Britain with an industrial power. Factories, fabrics and railroads could be anywhere. (Louis Auguste Blanqui, historical channel.com.au). Invention of iron by Derby Family could not happen without steam engine. Smelting of iron by charcoal was expensive process. Abraham Derby discovered, that instead of using coal, can replace it with coke. The resulted product is cast iron. â€Å"Human of the Industrial Revolution†, www,hystoryworld.net Besides iron industry, there was a development of textile production, because textile is the basic requirements. Food and cotton products were light and easier to transport to different cities. Location of Britain was good for water transports. We know, that Britain is not from sea from any parts. This was the thing that makes the transportation of goods easier. . There was already existing of networks of canals. â€Å"Human of the Industrial Revolution†, www,hystoryworld.net During this time changes the production of goods. Now instead of using hand-made products, machines started replacing people. For example in fabrics and manufactures, machine could replace 5-6 people. This is main disadvantage of the Industrial Revolution, when government starts quitting unnecessary workers. Inventions of Industrial revolution period influenced to the economy growth. It is creation of different machine tools, using of Iron in manufacture. Industrial revolution changed everything and including architecture as well. Industrial revolution really affected on architecture. There was no need of fancy architecture anymore. People started design more industrial type, which is more useful rather than Gothic buildings. Beautiful Gothic buildings were designed to impress people. In that period some people was already on industrial side, started designing simple structure. At the same time some people went back to the old architectural style and brought them back. Therefore there were movements as Gothic revival and Art Nouveau. When people started designing with industrial mind they had many choice of design their house. (The importance of Industrial Revolution in Archietcture). (http://www.fablablima.com) Producing of iron influenced on architecture. One of great examples of architecture of industrial period is Crystal Palace by Joseph Paxton (1850-1851). Joseph Paxton studied and experienced iron and glass, about of joining these components together to design a large building. Body The movement of Gothic style architecture was not accidently. Those movements were against industrial revolution. They wanted to bring back the traditional style of architecture. The Crystal Palace in compare to Gothic Revival and arts and craft movements in architecture is new mode of design of that time. Gothic revival is architectural movement, which was based in England. It’s been a remaking of traditional building style of â€Å"Middle Ages†. Gothic style buildings are very heavy and decorative. Structure made of stone and brick. â€Å"Art Nouveau† movement has same features as Gothic movement, such as: symmetrical shapes and forms, use of arches and heavy structural system. (Jackie Craven, Art Noveau Architecture. architecture.about.com) The Crystal Palace is on of the Great buildings of Industrial period, which represent new direction in architecture. One of building that represent revolutionized architecture. When architecture moved from traditional mode to the new step. This structure is example of how people started experiencing different types of materials, instead of constructing the buildings by masonry and stone and maximizing the indoor spaces. It is a design of lightweight and low-cost buildings. This was the step when architecture of industrial period marked the beginning of new kind of architecture. It plays a big role in a history of architecture. The Crystal Palace was a glass and cast iron structure. The structure was built in London, for the Great Exhibition of 1851. In 1850 the committee were going to choose a design for the structure, which will exhibit the latest technology and innovation from around the world: â€Å" Great Exhibition of the works of industry of all Nations†. The committee requirements was: Economy and maximizing the exhibition space Spaces for circulation Spaces for reception, classification and placement of goods. View from the interior. In three weeks committee received more 250 works from Australia, Belgium, Netherlands, Hanover, Hamburg, France. But the committee rejected all the works. Mostly all the work was brick and masonry structural designs. But there was iron and glass design by Hector Horeau. The committee rejected it as well, because of the cost of the project. (The Crystal palace, p12) Already known architect and gardener Joseph Paxton presented his idea and concept to the committee. Before Joseph already had an experience with combination of cast iron, glass and laminated wood in his â€Å" Chatsworthhouse† building, which was made of glass. The larges glass house of that period. He experienced the idea â€Å"Ridge –and- furrow† roof system in Charsworthhouse, later he apllied this system in Crystal Palace’s design. Joseph’s design was based on module with the sizes 10inch x 49 inches, which is size of larges glass available that time. The structure consisted of right-angled triangles, which were supported by iron beams and pillars. The length of right-angled triangles was for 564 m. These basic components of the structure were light, strong and easy to build. After Joseph submitted his drawings and calculations, the committee approved the low cost design. The concept of ridge-and-roof house was lily flowers. Paxton’s reputation as gardener was high, he wanted to lily flower to be grown in England. He takes care of flowers. Later it became a concept for the roof system in Crystal Palace. In construction of the glass house, there was an issue with ridge-and furrow roof. Glass structure required more light, but because of structural members of roof (trusses, purlins) building does not get morning and evening rays. To avoid this problem he created the methods of glass roofing, which calls â€Å"ridge and furrow†. The principle and concepts of the roof was to get morning and evening light without any restriction. Therefore the glasses were placed in specific position. He tested this idea in his â€Å"Green house†. After it was applied to the Crystal Palace. (The Crystal palace, p29) The roof of transept is semicircular from exterior. In construction of this roof the support was made arched timbers. Columns supported on each arched timber. The transept roof also following the concept of ridge-and-furrow roof. It was constructed in a flat manner, but following the shape of arched timber. The range of the arches had louvered framed opening which allow passive ventilation for the building. Hollow columns of the structure support the roof. The roof itself looks flat. It has ridges and furrows, because of rise and fall of them is small, roof looks flat. Truss span of the roof 24 feet from each other and this spanning were supported by light beams or rafters. These rafters call â€Å"Paxton’s gutter†, because he created the system of using the rafter as a gutter. The advantages are when it rains, water running from the surface of the roof to â€Å"Paxton’s gutter†. From there water goes to the main gutter, which is connected to the hollow columns and passes down to drainage. (The Crystal Palace, p.36) But later on roofing system gets a problem, because of not availability of good quality construction materials. On of the disadvantages was leaking mostly from all of the part of the big building. This problem could not be solved. In terms of maximizing the space cast columns had advantages compare to masonry columns of traditional architecture, because it could carry the same load as masonry columns. Cast Columns much slimmer than masonry columns and can provide more open indoor space. When the constriction was complete the interior exhibition space was enormous. Because there were no solid walls, only the slender columns supporting the self weight. On of the important advantage of the structural frame works, that cast iron was low in price compare to traditional carved stone. The columns of the Crystal Palace consist of reservoir, where the all the drain water collects from the roof. This drain water is usable in situation of fire or for agriculture. (The Crystal Palace, p18). The great height of the building was divided into 3 stories. Where are the cast iron columns in each stories have different height. In lower floor columns height is 19 feet and for first and second floor is 17 feet. Between the columns the girders have same depth and sizes. They look similar and give an impression of latticework. Therefore construction does not look heavy. â€Å"This showing how great strength may be combined with elegance and lightness† (The Crystal Palace, p35-36). Joseph Paxton designed his â€Å"Victorian house† in such a way, so the building retains moisture and gets bright natural lighting every season of the year. But the mechanical and natural products, which were in the building, were destroyed because of moisture. After this experiment with â€Å"Victorian House†, it was experience for him to create new design to avoid those issues for Crystal Palace. (The Crystal Palace, p 32). An important advantage in construction of Crystal Palace takes machinery. Paxton used different types of cut machines (Punching machine, Iron drilling machine, Adzing and planning machine). Al the machines powered by steam engine. Painting machine reservoir filling with the paint, then it runs on surface of the frame. It constructed in a way so unnecessary part could be cleaned. One of the machines he used for framed wall. The frames being cut in machinery with the exactly same dimensions, after this glass was put into the frame. The glass sashes been designed in way so in summer can be removed. Since the work is done by machine, people did not worry that part might not match with each other. (The Crystal Palace, p51) In pre-industrialized period building been by human crafts without machines. Therefore it is harder and construction takes long time to be completed. The society of Art awarded Paxton’s sash-bar machines in 1841 with medal. These types sash-bar machines started u sing in other part of the country. In present time sash-bar design was taken from Paxton’s machine. The big challenge of The Crystal Palace was to maintain the normal temperature inside. Because the function was exhibition, there would be thousands of people. Heat producing by people and the heat coming from outside was the main issue. Already in that time Joseph Paxton cleverly designed the external shading devices. Direct sun light does not get, light is filtered and it becomes very soft. Another way of solution of heat transfer was to make ventilation system. He designed ventilation system for wall and flooring. Placing prefabricated lovers on the wall provides hot air escape. For flooring system board were placed 1 cm apart from each other. It was cleverly designed passive design. Air could travel inside. (Wikipedia). This is the one of the great example when people started thinking of climatic response. Design the space, which will cleverly work, rather than designing it for decoration. In terms of spatial planning, Paxton provided refreshments spaces for people during the exhibition. There are spaces with open courts and trees. There was no necessity of making solid enclosures, so the structure does not lose the lightness. The trees of the north entrance were also for refreshment purpose. Spaces were enclosed by sash-glazed partitions almost similar as exterior glass panels. Rooms of the building was designed that can get more natural lighting and ventilation. Partitions that separate the rooms give the building very light effect. (The Crystal palace, p.36) In 1936 on 30th November Crystal Palace was set on fire. In one hour the building was destroyed. North Transept was burned. Government not insured to cover the rebuilding. Because the cost was around 2 million pounds. That time Welby Pugin founder of Gothic Architecture called this building â€Å"Glass Monster†. He told Paxton â€Å" You had better keep to building green houses, and I will keep mu churches and cathedrals†. Many other architects started criticizes Crystal Palace. Many books and articles was written after the demolition. Thomas Carlyle called it â€Å"Big glass soup buble†. But in these letter days Crystal Palace benn called â€Å"Proto Modern Architecture† and became a precedent for many buildings such as commercial buildings in Europe and America. Crystal Palace became a symbol of industrial revolution, strength and economic- industrial power of England that time. (Manpret Singh, â€Å"The demolition Of Crystal Palace 1926-1941†. ww w.digital.lib.umb.edu.com ) Conclusion The main idea of this essay was to show the effectiveness of industrialized methods of construction of Crystal Palace in opposition to Gothic revival style and Art Noveau, which represents traditional architecture. The main points are: The main difference is that Crystal Palace represents new modes of design, where buildings do not have to be so heavy. The purpose is economical use of space. For example: slender columns allow having big indoor space compare to masonry columns. Using of different types of machines. Building can be completed in short period of time. Low cost and availability of cast iron. Smart designed structure in response to climatic aspects. As was already mentioned above, Paxton’s gutter system, which collects the rain water in specific reservoir. Drain water is usable in case of fire or for agriculture. Less using of artificial lighting, because of glass material. Passive ventilation design. Louvered wall system and flooring system, where the block’s spacing is 1 cm., which allows the space, breathe. The Crystal Palace was the great example of new style of architecture. It was a step forward from the traditional architecture. The structural system of Crystal Palace we can still use in our time. It was a precedent for future buildings. Already experienced cast iron and glass. After the demolition, people know how to avoid those problems. Test it and make it work better, but the main concept is based on Crystal Palace skeletal system. Therefore nowadays we have improved skeletal structures. My opinion is that this type of architecture is more useful, compare to traditional. In terms of spaces, how could it be better and lighter by using the different types of materials? But at the same time it can carry the similar load. It was the time when people started thinking of different design, shapes and form. When people started thinking of low cost structures and experiencing of different materials except brick and stone. When people started thinking of opportunities engaging with surrounding and climate aspects of those kinds of structures. Which is did not exist for traditional type of architecture. Gothic and arts and crafts buildings are more concentrating to show the importance of it. Even the decorations, which are not useful. There might be disadvantages of Industrial Revolution, but the main advantage is step for the future with industrial mind.

Happiness Comes From Within :: Happiness Essays

Their farm was two hundred acres of corn fields, cows, pigs, and, of course, chickens. No farm would be complete without chickens. At the southeast corner of the farm, behind the smaller corn field, was the brook with clear cold water that reached past my knees. On most weekends my family would go to visit our friends, the Tailors, who had at one time seven boys to keep them company. All of them were grown with their own lives to attend to, except for Dan, who stayed on at the farm to help keep up the crops. His younger brother Dave still came back to the farm, from the busy city, to visit and bring his children to see their grandparents. Even though they were about the same age as my brother and I, we did not play with them because they were greedy and didn't suit our playing qualifications by continuously changing rules and cheating. It was rare that we encountered them anyhow, and that suited us fine. Most of the time we would stay the whole weekend. Our parent's elected t o sleep in a tent, while my brother and I slept in one of the many cozy bedrooms of the farmhouse. We loved it there and secretly both he and I wished that we could stay forever. There were separate reasons why we loved it there. My brother, Forest, had a choice of over a dozen different old cars and trucks. Forest was allowed under the hoods so that he could tinker with the engines and figure out how they functioned. He was a ten-year old mechanical genius. Everyone knew that he was going to grow up to be a mechanic. When he was five or six; Forest found an old transmission behind the barn; in two hours he had taken it apart and put it back together again without prior instruction. Old mister Tailor watched from a distance while Forest disassembled and methodically assembled the transmission to its original form.Our parent's are proud and still equally impressed as the day it happened. They still brag and carry on about his genius endeavor, as they do with both of us for the many special encounters accumulated during our formative years. My reasons for loving that farm cannot be so simply expressed.

The Sisters of Charity and their Service in the Civil War :: American America History

The Sisters of Charity and their Service in the Civil War In Lincoln's inaugural address on March 4, 1861, he pronounced that the Union could not be dissolved by an act of secession (Ward 34). On April 12, 1861, the first shot was fired upon Fort Sumpter, and so began the Civil War in the United States. On April 9. 1865, Grant and Lee met at the Appomattox Court House, for the surrendering of the Confederate Army, and then the Civil War officially ended. In the four years of conflict between these dates, our nation lost by death and disease 600,000 men. The task of caring for so many dying, sick and maimed men was an ordeal. Four Orders of Catholic Sisterhoods participated in caring for the wounded and dying. The orders were: Sisters of Charity, Sisters of St. Joseph, Sisters of Mercy, and the Sisters of the Holy Cross. The work of the Religious Catholic Sisters during the Civil War was commendable. When the war began, the Sisters were the only organized and trained female nurses. The surgeons "liked them because they had been bred to disci pline". Even President Lincoln had a high opinion for the tremendous service of the Catholic Sisters during the Civil War. "Mother", Elizabeth Ann Seton, was the founder and first Superior of the Sisters of Charity in the United States. In March, 1850, the American Community of The Sisters of Charity of Saint Joseph's of Emmitsburg, MD united with the French Daughters of Charity, co-founded by St. Louise de Marillac and St. Vincent de Paul. The merger and growth of the religious community resulted in the establishment of more providences throughout the United States. "Their mission was to serve persons marginalized by poverty, illness, ignorance, disability and injustice". The "black caps" as they were called by the soldiers, lived out their mission to its fullest during the Civil War. The Civil War separated the American Sisters of Charity geographically because their community had houses in the North and the South. The Sisters in California functioned outside the conflict, but they did contribute personnel and resources. When President Lincoln sent forth an appeal for volunteer nurses, nearly every Sis ter answered. On June 1, 1861, Brigadier General John F. Rathbone wrote to Bishop John McCloskey to request Sisters of Charity to assist at the military hospital in Albany, New York. One Sister went, and after a few days, Rathbone declared: "The superiority of the Sisters of Charity as nurses is known wherever the name Florence Nightingale is repeated .

Explain how each of the 4 settings has a profound effect on the charact

Explain how each of the 4 settings has a profound effect on the characters in the novel. Each of the 4 settings in the novel persuasion by Jane Austen holds a profound effect and Question: explain how each of the 4 settings has a profound effect on the characters in the novel. Each of the 4 settings in the novel persuasion by Jane Austen holds a profound effect and significance on the characters of the novel. Firstly we have kellynch hall, the inhabitants and owners of kellynch hall are the Elliot family, Sir Walter Elliot and his two daughters, Elizabeth and Anne Elliot. Kellynch in the novel is described as a rather exquisite setting, ‘Mrs Croft was impressed with the furnishings’. Lawns and flower gardens, from the owners personalities, obsessions with appearance, desire to have a high social stance and ostentatious outlook on life we can only gather that kellynch is a rather exquisite site. The setting heavily reflects on the characters of kellynch hall- Sir Walter Elliot, a man for whom "vanity was the beginning and end of [his] character." His favourite book, the reader is told, is the Baronetage, a book which holds record of the most important families in England, and which, most importantly records Sir Walter's own personal history, And Elizabeth, who is beautiful, yet vain like her father and Anne, who has a sweetness of character, but is often overlooked by her family. Kellynch appears to be more then what seems on the surface, lavish furniture and ornaments ‘impressive furnishings’ the ornaments and furnishings almost to cover up for an underlying truth. As kellynch is an old building there are sure to be a few cracks and broken aspects of kellynch hall. Similarly the truth of the ... ...th and wealth, but on one's accomplishments, manners, and interests. In Somersetshire, the Elliot family is considered the very best; here in Bath, they could be understood to be socially beneath their cousins, the Dalrymples. Anne has pride, and she is offended at the thought that such unaccomplished and uninteresting people could be ranked above her. Anne is unaccustomed to being thought beneath anyone, and in some ways, she has more pride than her father and sister. She cannot bear the thought that such a respected, landed family such as hers must live in rented rooms in a city, while their home is inhabited by others. Anne is further dismayed at the small degree to which her father and sister seem to be upset by this. Austen is expressing that a certain amount of pride can be a good thing, if it is based upon true merit and not false appearances.

The History Of Educational Psychology Education Essay

Harmonizing to Wikipedia, larning manners is used to depict 1s natural or accustomed form of geting and treating information in larning state of affairss. Keefe ( 1979 ) defines larning manners as the â€Å" complex of characteristic affective, physiological and cognitive factors that serve as comparatively stable indexs that show how a scholar perceives, interacts with, and responds to the acquisition environment. † Learning manners can besides be described as a set of behaviours, attitudes and factors that facilitate larning for an person in certain state of affairs ( Web.cortland.edu, 1990 ) . Learning manners act upon how pupils learn and how instructors teach. Indirectly, it besides influences how the pupils and instructor interact.A A Each person is born with certain inclinations toward peculiar manners. However, larning manners will act upon by civilization, adulthood degree, development and personal experiences ( Web.cortland.edu, 1990 ) .A A It is of import to retrieve that larning manners do non state us about one ‘s abilities or intelligence but assist us to understand why some undertakings seem easier for others than us ( Fleming and Bonwell, 2006 ) . Besides, larning manners besides described as the best clip of twenty-four hours a scholar absorb the cognition. For illustration, some people unable to work in the early eventide and some people are merely non able to work good in the early forenoon. By and large, there are four classs of larning manners, there is audile, ocular, kinaesthetic and tactile. A pupil with an audile acquisition manner learns best when information and cognition are delivered in auditory formats. Examples of auditory formats are talks, unwritten reading, podcasts and treatments. Auditory scholars prefer to larn utilizing their ears. They prefer to follow verbal instructions instead than written 1s. These pupils besides do good with taped classs and group treatments ( www.learningrx.com/learning-styles.htm ) . Meanwhile, scholars with tend to work best in an environment where information is presented in ocular format such as books, articles, picture, image or diagrams. They enjoy reading books for cognition and can easy follow written waies. Since messages are taken in through the eyes, they can make good in power point presentations, films and category press releases ( www.learningrx.com/learning-styles.htm ) . A pupil with kinaesthetic larning manner prefers larning by making. Messages and information are taken in by the musculuss through organic structure motion. Kinesthetic scholars work good with their custodies. They write things down to clear up their ideas ( Learning Styles & A ; Strategies Manitoba Education & A ; Training, 1998 ) . Finally, a pupil with a haptic acquisition manner responds good to touching and making things in countries such as scientific discipline and art. They learn best when information is conveyed in hand-on manner. They prefer keeping and pull stringsing the capable affair instead than simply sing an image of it ( www.learningrx.com/learning-styles.htm ) . Learning is a womb-to-tomb procedure. Therefore, it is of import to place and understand the differences between the assorted acquisition manners. Although Stahl ( 1999 ) had critique about the acquisition manners, pedagogues are still obliging in measurement and instruction to pupils ‘ acquisition. Since 1970, infinite pupils have benefitted from larning about how they learn and the differences of larning manners among people ; many teachers have made effectual usage of larning manners in their instruction ( Oncourseworkshop.com, 1970 ) . It is non merely because tilting manners should be discovered and encouraged but there are several benefits of measurement and learning pupils to understand their acquisition penchants. By understanding the acquisition manners, instructors can teach harmonizing to the scholar ‘s manner. A instructor who instruct merely harmonizing to his ain manners will makes larning more hard for the pupils ( Learning Styles & A ; Strategies Manitoba Education & A ; Training, 1998 ) . Students learn most efficaciously when the schemes used are close with their preferable acquisition manners. Therefore, instructors should besides assist pupils to happen their ain acquisition manner. An consciousness of larning manners can assist to better the methods of instructors ‘ presentation ( www.learningrx.com ) . However, we should retrieve that one acquisition manner is non assumed to be better or first-class than the others but is instead preferred by the scholar ( Weimer, 2012 ) . Another possibility that the mere act of larning about larning manners is to promote instructors to pay more attending to the sorts of direction they are presenting ( Radzyner, 2009 ) . Teachers who understand the importance of larning manners might get down offer a broader mixture of talks, research lab work, treatments and others variety utile direction that might turn out to be better for all pupils other than routine one major learning method. Weimer ( 2012 ) said that pupils differ in their involvements, background cognition and abilities but non in their acquisition manners. But there is no grounds suggests that providing to scholars larning penchants will take to better acquisition. Even so, instructors should assist pupils to place their acquisition manners. Knowing their ain acquisition manner does assist scholars to construct assurance and to larn to pull off their ain acquisition ( Learning Styles & A ; Strategies Manitoba Education & A ; Training, 1998 ) . It will besides assist pupils to take or disregard things that cause them jobs in larning. After identify pupils ‘ acquisition manners, instructors can learn them how to utilize their encephalon best and give them insight into their strengths, failings and wonts. Besides, by acknowledging and understanding the pupils ‘ acquisition manners, pupils and instructor can utilize techniques better to accommodate each other. Students can better their velocity and quality of larning. The acquisition procedure will besides enjoyable. Harmonizing to Wikipedia, preferred learning manners can steer the manner we learn and besides alter our internally represent experiences and the manner we recall information. Students will benefits from detecting how they process information best. Therefore, many ushers and techniques were still recommended from pedagogues about cognizing and identify pupils ‘ acquisition manners even there is n't equal grounds base to warrant integrating larning styles appraisals into general educational pattern ( Moore, 2010 ) . Students that understand the differences of larning manners will besides assist them in understand others and assist them associate to and pass on better with the assorted people in their life. If the figure of failures when communicate efficaciously with other lessening, pupils will experience confident and satisfy in working with others. By understanding ain acquisition manners, we can besides cut down the emphasis and defeat of larning experiences in the state of affairs to get the better of the restrictions of hapless teachers ( Studyingstyle.com, 2010 ) . Educators are so compelling or appealing to the thought of measurement and instruction to pupils ‘ acquisition manners because the consciousness of larning manners differences can assist teachers learn in a mode that efficaciously reaches most pupils ( Oncourseworkshop.com, 1970 ) . Teaching by integrating a assortment of active larning schemes can do learning more rewarding and enhance pupils ‘ motive at the same clip. Even though instructors can near larning manners from different subjects and experiences, an apprehension of the different acquisition manners is cardinal to the single attacks of learning ( www.learningrx.com/learning-styles.htm ) . However, if an teacher relies on lone scholars ‘ best manner, alternatively of assisting them develop the other larning manners they are weak in will convey drawbacks in their acquisition. When scholar is encourage to avoid countries they are weak in, the underlying cognitive accomplishments in that country will stay weak and that scholar may lose the chance to to the full develop an array of acquisition tools. Therefore, every scholar needs a strong foundation in the nucleus cognitive skills no affair which larning manner they prefer ( www.learningrx.com/learning-styles.htm ) . Cognitive constituents are the internal control of the system of running the cognition ( Kazu, 2009 ) . There are mental abilities required for long-run proficiency in nucleus topics such as authorship, reading and calculating. Cognitive accomplishments can be improved through instruction. One of another possibility drawback of utilizing larning manners to steer direction is the trouble of be aftering a lesson which incorporates all four acquisition manners. Even it is n't difficult to include both audile and ocular acquisition manners in a lesson, but the sad truth is many pupils have the tactile and kinaesthetic acquisition manner ( Kelly, 2013 ) . Therefore, it is non possible to affect all acquisition manners in a lesson. If a instructor tries to utilizing larning manners to steer direction but mismatches exist between larning manners of most pupils in a category, the pupils may go inattentive and bored in the category. As the consequence, pupils perform ill in trials, acquire discourage about the classs, the course of study and even themselves. Students might get down inquiring if they are in the right profession. Most earnestly, society will loses potentially first-class professionals ( Www4.ncsu.edu, 2002 ) . Furthermore, instructors may see integrating a assortment of instructional schemes into every lesson as a load. Teachers need more clip to be after, more day-to-day instructional clip and less pupils to steer direction utilizing learning manners. Teachers will experience emphasis with the multi-faceted instructional activities with the short instructional period. The trouble in managing a schoolroom with multiple larning manners poses a challenge to instructors. Students might show behavior jobs due to defeats and ennui from the type of direction that is typically given. To steer direction by utilizing larning manners besides need necessary curricular stuffs. These stuffs play a important function in implementing a assortment of instructional schemes to run into the demand of different acquisition manners. For illustrations, teacher need videos and ocular AIDSs form ocular scholar, audio entering stuff for auditory scholars, originative art activities for tactile scholars and kinaesthetic activities for kinaesthetic scholars. All these stuffs should be utile in learning and larning and able to delivered information and cognition to scholars. The most possible drawback from these curricular stuffs is instructors need financess, cognition, support and experience from assortment section. In order for instructors to implement a assortment of instructional schemes in their lesson, instructors need ongoing chances to construct their apprehension in larning manners and suited abilities. Without the experiences from detecting theoretical account schoolrooms, workshops, or analyzing, instructors might mismatch the lesson and therefore convey to serious negative effects. Teachers might be given to disregard others factors such as schoolroom clime, motive, background, multicultural issues, gender and cultural that besides act uponing scholar ‘s learning quality ( Montgomery & A ; Groat, 1998 ) .

Odysseus: The Qualities of a Hero Essay

â€Å"The Odyssey† by Homer is one of the most recognized epics in world literature. It traces the decade-long journey of Odysseus back to Ithaca after he fought in the Trojan War. He was able to survive the dangerous ten-year voyage which he experienced and safely arrive home. Indeed, Odysseus is a truly admirable character, but what what makes him especially laudable is his physical strength, courage, and cunning. One admirable quality which Odysseus possesses is his physical strength. Like all Homeric heroes, Odysseus has remarkable physical strength. In Book 18, he displays such strength even under the disguise of a poor man. Another beggar named Arnaeus, also called Irus, insults Odysseus. Arnaeus challenges Odysseus to a fight and mocks him that he would be easily defeated because he is much older than his opponent. Odysseus truly proves him wrong. Homer writes, â€Å"Odysseus smote him on the neck beneath the ear and crushed in the bones, and straightway the red blood ran forth from his mouth† (18. 95). This is proof of Odysseus’ strength; he was able to defeat a man who was younger than him. While it is true that the goddess Athena did strengthen Odysseus for the fight, he was already physically strong to begin with. Another example of Odysseus’ physical strength can be found in Book 21. In this book, Penelope tells her suitors that she would finally choose the man who could string Odysseus’ bow and shoot an arrow with it as her husband; this arrow should pass through each of 12 axes (21. 74-80). None of the suitors succeed in Penelope’s given task. Odysseus then offers to string the bow which enrages the suitors because they are terrified he might succeed. Later on, he does justify the fears of his foes. According to Homer, â€Å"even as when a man well-skilled in the lyre and in song easily stretches the string about a new peg, making fast at either end the twisted sheep-gut–so without effort did Odysseus string the great bow† (21. 405-410). Thus, once again, Odysseus proves his physical strength. Another distinguishing quality which makes Odysseus admirable is his courage. In Book 10, a goddess places Odysseus’ men in a humiliating situation. Circe drugs Odysseus’ men and with her wand, she transforms them into pigs and places them in pigsties (10. 235-240). Eurylochus, who was spared from Circe’s magic because he did not enter her home, immediately goes to Odysseus to tell him what happened to his men. Without hesitation, Odysseus takes his sword and bow to confront the goddess. Eurylochus has become terrified by Circe’s power that he refuses to come with Odysseus (10. 265-270). This circumstance is a testament to how courageous Odysseus is. While he was aware of the danger which he was about to confront, he proceeded to face the challenge without fear. Unlike Eurylochus, Odysseus dared to challenge Circe to save his men. In Book 12, Odysseus also reveals his courage. Circe warns him about two dangers he would encounter in his trip: Scylla and Charybdis. Odysseus asks the goddess, â€Å"tell me this thing truly, if in any wise I might escape from fell Charybids, and ward off that other, when she works harm to my comrades? † (12. 111). Circe answers him, â€Å"Rash man, lo, now again thy heart is set on the deeds of war and on toil† (12. 116). The inquiry of Odysseus exposes his courage, for he welcomes a fight between him and two enemies at one time. In addition, he disobeyed Circe’s orders when he wore his armor as his ship approached Scylla. This shows that he was courageous enough to have the intention of fighting the monster. The most admirable quality of Odysseus is his cunning. He proves to be an individual who skillfully uses trickery and deception to further his own ends. Throughout the epic, Odysseus demonstrates his cunning in multiple occasions. In Book 4, both Menelaus and Helen narrate to Telemachus how cunning his father is. According to Helen, Odysseus is sly enough to consider dressing up as a beggar to enter enemy territory. In an effort to enter Troy without being noticed, he clothes himself in rags and appears to have cuts and bruises. In such disguise, Odysseus deceives the Trojans and successfully enters the city unnoticed (4. 244-245). Menelaus adds that it was also Odysseus who prevented them from leaving the wooden horse when they were obviously being tricked to reveal themselves (4. 284). In these scenarios, Odysseus was able to contribute to the war effort of the Achaeans through his cunning. However, the most notable example of Odysseus’ cunning is found in Book 9. Odysseus and his men arrive in the land of Cyclops where the son of Poseidon named Polyphemus resides. They slaughter the goats in his land and consume the cheese from his cave. This angers Polyphemus, and he takes them as prisoners inside his cave. Odysseus then devises a clever plan to defeat the creature. First, he makes the monster drunk from the wine he brought from his ships. As Odysseus pours the wine, Polyphemus asks his name. When Odysseus was sure that Polyphemus was drunk, he responds: â€Å"Noman is my name† (9. 366). Polyphemus falls as a result of inebriation; Odysseus and his men immediately take a hot wooden staff in the eye of the monster. Polyphemus screams in pain, getting the attention of the other Cyclops. When they asked Polyphemus what was happening, he replies: â€Å"It is Noman is slaying me† (9. 407). The false name Odysseus gave Polyphemus allows him and his men to escape the monster’s lair without being properly identified as the attacker. This incident is the best proof of how cunning Odysseus is. The protagonist of Homer’s â€Å"The Odyssey† is indeed an admirable character. With his physical strength, courage, and cunning, Odysseus has proven himself a true hero after he overcame all the obstacles in his journey. These three qualities make Odysseus a character which readers can look up to. Work Cited Homer. â€Å"The Odyssey. † Perseus Digital Library. Trans. Samuel Butler. 16 June 2009 .

Is Hiroshima Necessary

World War Two raged on with huge increasing number of casualties caused in both Japan and America. However, Japanese military’s stubborn mindset had led to their refusal to end the war. In order to force the Japanese to surrender unconditionally, many have argued that the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki was needed. However, I would argue that the atomic bombing of Hiroshima alone would be sufficient in forcing the Japanese to surrender unconditionally. The words â€Å"needed to force† in the question implies that the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki was the only measure left while the words â€Å"surrender unconditionally† means that there would be no guarantees made for the country that surrenders. In order to put an end to the horrifying war which took millions of lives, the bombing was indeed necessary. Only the presence of an overwhelming demonstration of destructive capability would serve as a shock to and be sufficient in changing the mindset of the stubborn Japanese military, making them surrender unconditionally. However, traditional firing of air raids would have been another alternative even though it would require a longer time and greater efforts. Thus, I would argue that only the atomic bombing of Hiroshima was needed to force the Japanese to surrender unconditionally. The atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki was the only measure left to make the Japanese surrender without any guarantee in order to prevent greater loss of lives. The war had already resulted in millions of deaths and a continuation to the war would only cost more lives. To prevent the number of casualties from rising, it was necessary to force the Japanese to surrender. The Americans were left with the choice to either invade Japan or to drop the atomic bombs to force Japan to surrender. However, it was estimated that the invasion of Honshu and Kyushu would cost 1 million casualties to American forces alone whereas dropping the atomic bombs would only result in casualties in Japan and was thus seen as a better sacrifice for the war to end. Moreover, the effect of the bomb was a better promising solution to end the war due to its destructive effect. Thus, the only measure left to prevent the number of casualties from increasing was to drop the atomic bombs to create a destructive effect in Hiroshima and Nagasaki so that Japan would be left with no other choice but to surrender. However, Japan was already running out on war resources due to the embargoes. Japan was also beginning to suffer as Allied aircraft and submarines began to cut the shipping routes that brought raw materials and food into Japan from her territories in Asia Pacific. Japan was running out on oil and petroleum, which are crucial for war efforts. Even though oil fields in the East Indies were under Japanese control, the sea routes in which the ships had to sail pass in order to import the oil and petroleum to Japan were subjected to constant attack from the Allies. Without these resources, it is impossible for Japan to continue the war. Thus, Japan would have surrendered after a period of time even if the bombs were not dropped. However, without the dropping of the bombs, it would have been impossible to make Japan surrender without any guarantees. To the Japanese, surrender would be a threat to the Emperor. Thus, Japan would only agree to surrender if guarantees were given that the Emperor would be allowed to retain his throne. Thus, the atomic bombing was needed and the only measure left to force the Japanese to surrender without any guarantees. Yet another reason as to why the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki was the only measure left to make the Japanese surrender without any guarantee was because of the stubborn Japanese military. The Japanese military had the mindset that â€Å"A true soldier would rather die than to surrender†. Thus, it was believed that the Japanese had intended to fight to their deaths. Even after the Americans modified the ultimatum and demanded only an unconditional surrender from the Armed forces of Japan after they discovered that an unconditional surrender would be seen as a threat to the Japanese Emperor, they refused to surrender. Ironically, the softening of the surrender backfired and instead, the Japanese saw it as a promising development from the enemy and assumed that the Americans no longer insisted on a full unconditional surrender as circumstances have arisen that forced them to end the war. Prime Minister Suzuki thought that by insisting on their demands, the Americans would eventually give in to their requests. Hence, Japan stubbornly refused to surrender. Thus, the only measure left to force the Japanese to surrender without any guarantees was to drop the atomic bombs, which would result in destructive effects to shock the Japanese military into surrendering. However, not the entire of Japan was against surrendering. Unlike Germany, Japan was not ruled by a dictator but a system of government which includes a prime minister, a cabinet made up of military, civilians and a parliament. After the Potsdam Conference in Berlin on 16 July, Prime Minister Suzuki and foreign minister Togo were considering a negotiated settlement. Even the Emperor gave instructions to Prime Minister Suzuki to find a way to end the war as soon as possible. Japan also started to send peace offers to the United States, showing her desire to negotiate for surrender. However, it was also clear that these were not enough to end the war. The Japanese military and General Korechika Anami were determined to continue the war. Soon, a political stalemate was present between the civilian leaders and military leaders, where the civilian leaders tried to find ways to negotiate to an end of the war whereas the military leaders wanted to continue even if they had to place their lives at stake. As Japan could only legally enter into a peace agreement when unanimous support was achieved in the cabinet, orders were given that Japan would ignore the revised ultimatum. Hence, only the dropping of the atomic bombs would make the Japanese military realise that they should surrender to minimize further casualties. Thus, the atomic bombing was needed and the only measure left to force the Japanese to surrender without any guarantees. On the other hand, the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki was not the only measure left to make the Japanese surrender without any guarantee because firing fierce conventional air raids would also be an alternative. All along, the Americans have been firing constant air raids, which have caused considerable damage, killing about 241,000 to 900,000 Japanese. The air raids have also resulted in extensive damage to many cities in Japan as well as a huge decline in industrial production. Hence, firing constant conventional air raids would have been able to exert sufficient pressure on Japan to agreeing to an unconditional surrender without releasing the atomic bombs. Thus, the atomic bombing was not needed to force the Japanese to surrender without any guarantees. However, firing air raids would require a longer time to force the Japanese to surrender without any guarantees. Meanwhile, there would also be more resulting casualties. On the contrary, the atomic bombs would have a faster effect on Japan as she would only be left with the choice to surrender, fearing that America would drop atomic bombs in other parts of Japan and eventually mark the end of the Japanese empire. Thus, the atomic bombing was needed to force the Japanese to surrender without any guarantees. After reconsidering the above points, it is conclusive that the atomic bombing was indeed needed to force the Japanese to surrender unconditionally. However, the atomic bombing on Hiroshima alone would be sufficient. The duration between the two atomic bombings was three days, which was insufficient for Japan to realise the destructive effect of the nuclear bombs. In addition, Japan was already planning to surrender previously. Hence, if Japan was given more time to understand the effect of the nuclear weapon on her country and people, she would have surrendered unconditionally. Thus, only the atomic bombing on Hiroshima was needed to force the Japanese to surrender unconditionally.

Forbidden Island Reflection Paper

Background information Forbidden Island is a visually stunning ‘cooperative' board game. Instead of winning by competing with other players like most games, everyone must work together to win the game. At the beginning Of the term, the class was divided into several small-sized self-management teams that would be responsible to learn how to play Forbidden Island together under minimal supervision. Because this is the team that we will work together on different projects throughout the term, we have introduced ourselves to each other, UT we had very limited knowledge about each other.This would be considered as our first stage of Dustman's stages of group development: forming. There are six members in my team. I will call them by J, B, O, P and K. Based on first impression and very little knowledge about their background, before the game, I had the following perception about the team members: J and B both are Asians, but growing up in Canada. I thought they were rational and ass ertive because they are from JDK/MBA program, and law students are generally considered to have higher level of conscientiousness and emotional debility.P seemed very easy-going and agreeable, because she never showed any objection during our previous conversations. O was comparably quiet during our first meeting, so I made the assumption that she was more introverted. K recently came from India, according to my past experience with my Indian coworkers, who were generally strong-willed, hardworking and assertive; therefore, I presumed that K would have the same characteristics. Throughout our interactions during the game, would gradually realize that have made some typical perception errors, which will be discussed later.None of our team members have played Forbidden Island game before, so our knowledge about the game is close to zero. At the beginning of the Forbidden Island game session, teams were assigned to breakout rooms, which were small and closed rooms, giving us a prison f eeling. Analysis of team behavior For the three-hour session, we only played two rounds. Overall, the game experience with the team was quite pleasant. At the beginning, we spent a few min to set a goal and discuss the strategy.We agreed without raising any objection that our goal is to win the game cooperatively, because we hared the common belief that self-managed teams that demonstrate high group cohesiveness and collective efficacy are more likely to successfully achieve goals and accomplishments. With a common end goal in sight, we strategically started with ensuring we understand the rules. J had watched some Youth videos about how to play the game; thus she had a better understanding about rules. J took the leadership role to explain the rules.J made us grasped the main idea of the rules; however, since majority of us grew up in different countries with different culture background, we were instantly confused with some details of the rules. After struggling with the details f or about ten minutes, proposed to play a test round at novice level first. Everyone admitted that we would understand the rule more easily with hands-on experience. J continued her leadership role to direct the play at the beginning; the individual players permitted this guidance.However, as everyone feels more comfortable with the game and individual role, J easily surrendered the leader role in favor of the group dynamic of mutually shared cooperation among all. Meanwhile, team members' participation level was increased. With a better understanding of the each role's strengths and weakness, every player attempted to utilize their strengths and avoid their weakness in their moves. For each round, the player of the round would ask for an open discussion about the move he/she should take, and then the player would explain his/her decision on moves and ask the rest of the team for agreement.For me, such effective communication ensured that every move we made was towards the same direc tion. It was worth mentioning that B firstly communicated in this manner when professor Karamazov presented in the room, and then everyone else followed his method automatically. As far as am concerned, although Professor Karamazov did not make any verbal comments during her presence, we all felt her power as a professor as she put her hand at the back, this gesture, to me, indicated her Status of leadership, and we therefore inclined to impress her as students; as a result, we started to communicate in a more formal way.Moreover, it was intriguing to see how well the team members played when someone needed retention. The conversation took on an air of empathy for someone who could be taken off the board and everyone spoke on how best to save said player. It was with a shout of jubilation when everyone showed each individual player how to move toward the helicopter pad in order to fly off the island. The game was won and smiles and pats on the back were shared. The test round went o ver very smoothly. I did not sense much of competition among us, rather we were very cooperative and agreeable.Notwithstanding, we enjoyed more healthy competition in the second round and we played the amen more strategically. We increased the difficulty level to Elite for the second round. We started with examining our roles' strengths and the overall situation before making any moves. Although we followed the same effective communication method we used in the first round; I sensed more healthy competition during the discussion. Instead of being agreeable, each of the players competed for their ideas during the discussion.Surprisingly, O and J were the most actively participated in the debate for the best move, since I thought they were introverted and agreeable before. Due to some long abate during the game, the second round took about an hour to finish. If we examine our team success through effectiveness approach, we achieved the goal by winning the game at the end; on the other hand, if we examine the team's success through effectiveness, then suppose we failed to achieve the goal; since the game was designed for thirty minutes for each round, we spent the double time to win.Time as a resource was not utilized. Our team does not really have a leader, we all equally share the responsibly in coordination; however, no one managed to see the overall picture at the end, n this case is we were running overtime. Takeaways Forbidden Island is a well-designed cooperative game that is exciting and tense even when played at the novice level. While the game is simple there is a strategic aspect that keeps it interesting. From this game session, I was able to put some organizational behavior theories into application.I saw our team experienced Dustman's stages of group development. We started from forming stage, where the individual's behavior is driven by a desire to be accepted by the others, and avoid controversy or conflict. Then we next enter terming stage, in wh ich different ideas compete for consideration. Then we came up with one goal and came to a mutual plan for the team at morning stage. Next, we reach the performing stage, where were capable of functioning as a unit as we find ways to get the job done smoothly and effectively without inappropriate conflict or need for external supervision.Overall, I would evaluate the functionality of our team as above average. Even though, clearly there some improvement opportunities lies in increasing team performance efficiency; our team had a high level of collaboration and some lately competition to enlighten some innovative ideas. Team members personalities played an important role in how we enhanced our collaboration. At the beginning I made some typical perception errors, such as stereotypes, selective perception, self-fulfilling prophecy etc.J from JDK/MBA program turned out to be full of emotion, and K from India, instead of have strong opinions, is the most agreeable person on the team, an d O is not introverted at all, according to Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, she would be .NET P type, who is innovative and entrepreneurial. Some important implications for my future repressions career obtained from this game play were, first of all, the real-life manifestations of five different stages of team development.

Feminization of poverty. my title is tumbling in the dark or endless Essay

Feminization of poverty. my title is tumbling in the dark or endless pain - Essay Example This is nothing but feminization of poverty. This also requires us to analyze this fact under different circumstances. In a famous novel â€Å"The mairaculous of Amalia Gomez†, John Rechy describes the case study of feminization of women in a splendid and heart touching manner after getting inspired from a real incident of a Mexico-American woman (Rechy, 1991). Hence, an attempt has been made to study the feminization of poverty and to analyze the extent to which feminization of poverty is experienced by Amalia Gomez with the following thesis statements. 1. What is the definition of the "feminization of poverty" and how does it apply to Amalia Gomez'a life? 2. How does the "feminization of Poverty" lead the psychological mechanism of denial in Amalia? How do we see strong pull toward denial in her life? 3) How do we see a subconscious desire in Amalia to move from denial to "truth"? 4) What is Amalia"s epiphany? What does this epiphany say about her? Let us analyze one by one as follows: 1. What is the definition of the "feminization of poverty" and how does it apply to Amalia Gomez'a life? The feminization of poverty may be defined as the condition in which women experience higher level of poverty compared to that of men in several fields of our society (Fukuda-Parr, 1999). It is nothing but a state of being women that makes them poorer or susceptible to poverty compared to men in the same society. In other words, the feminization of poverty reflects a phenomenon in which women are represented disproportionately in terms of their percentage of total world poverty. For example, it was reported that the number of women at the age of 60 years in United States of America who are subjected to poverty was found to be significantly higher than the number of men at the same age. Even if in a developed nation like USA, if this position exists, it only confirms the fact that the female gender is proportionate with the extent of poverty which is other wise known a s feminization of poverty. The feminization of poverty is mainly caused by some factors like their social status, lower literacy rate and lower rate of employment. In several regions, women are subjected to ill treatment in various spheres of life. Their decision making at domestic and society level has been quite unsatisfactory resulting in their poverty. In several developing nations, the good proportion of women are restricted to domestic works and child care and they have little or no chance to earn their livelihood (Chant, 2006). Even in terms of wages, lot of disparity exists between the men and women reflecting the feminization of poverty. In a country like Cyprus, as high as 24 % gender pay gap was noticed reflecting a pathetic situation. Taking these constraints of women in consideration, some sections of people in the society started exploiting them which in turn led to feminization of poverty. The life of Amalia Gomez according to â€Å"The mairaculous of Amalia Gomezâ⠂¬ , by John Rechy depicts the same. Hence, the feminization of poverty can be well applied to the life of Amalia Gomez. Amalia Gomez is a Mexico-American lady who had tasted bitter experience of life due to poverty and exploitation of her by different people at different times. Several people including her ex-husbands tried to take the advantage of her weak financial position and she was compelled to listen to them due to her poverty and after

History before 1877 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

History before 1877 - Essay Example However, the heavy taxation established American Revolution and resistance. Many British subjects opposed the heavy taxation laws on American colonies due to the inherent burden experienced by the latter. The consequent effects of heavy taxation initiated the existing debate, caused resistance and revolution of American colonies. The main fundamental rationale why American colonies objected acts established by the British government relates to their expensiveness and unfair policies. Taxes on sugar products and policies including Molasses Act were too expensive and unbearable to British subjects. Moreover, the court trial systems o the British government had become corrupt and could charge Americans wrongly for smuggling sugar. Massacre refers to brutal and indiscriminate slaughter of individuals or violet and deliberate killing of a large number of people. Though Boston massacre did not involve a large number of persons but five individuals, it stills stands as a massacre mainly because of its indiscriminate and brutal manner. It was a cold-blooded massacre accomplished without prior judgment. The soldiers acted in self-defense killing three Americans instantly and wounding others. Self-defense of the soldiers after being insulted and abused by rioting Americans proved their innocence in the existing courts. The modern court systems seek for prevalence of justice for all citizens in authority and civilians. The legal systems underscore inhumane acts and consequently punish it. Similarly, the ancient court as shown during Boston massacre case sought for prevalence of justice (Preston 1). The court’s case left a legacy of justice for the civil servants including soldiers. However, it increased the debate of citizens’ legal defense and human rights activism against brutal killing of demonstrating

Principles of Criminal Investigation Term Paper

Principles of Criminal Investigation - Term Paper Example However, lack of advanced forensic technology in the 1980s can be regarded as one of the reasons it took too long to link someone with the Green River killings. In 1982, authorities found five murdered women in the Green River. One unique thing about the murders is that all the killings had happened through strangling and the murdered women practiced prostitution. The discovery of the bodies alerted the locals on a possibility of having a serial killer targeting prostitutes. The area where the murdered bodies were discovered had Sheriff Officers and everyone had optimism that the murders would be resolved as soon as possible. Contrary to locals’ expectations, more bodies were discovered in and around the Green River. The bodies mostly include those of teenage women found naked and without any possession (Morehead, 2012). The police department remained to collect skeletons of unknown women without any trace of the murderer. Over a period of two years (1982-84), the police department listed 49 murder victims and described them victims of the Green River Killer. This could be later followed by the formation of the Green River Task Force that had the mandate of looking into the increased serial killings. The task force comprised of detectives from police departments across the United States. The task force conducted investigations on the murders and obtained a lot of evidence from hundreds of suspects. Unfortunately, none of the evidence gave any definitive evidence that could link anyone to the serial killing (Morehead, 2012). The continued delays in getting hold of the serial killer added budget constraints on the task force, which led to reduction of personnel within the task force. By 1992, only one detective had remained to deal with the Green River case (Reichert, 2005). According to Reichert (2005), in the 1980s, forensic technology was less advanced, which posed numerous challenges during the collection of evidence. In such cases,

Macdonald's Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Macdonald's - Term Paper Example It has been recognized that such grave issues tend to hamper the overall effectiveness of the organization. In order to resolve the issues, it is quite significant for the company to revise its strategies. It must also desire to focus upon the creation of sound incentive structures. It is also imperative to enhance the working condition of the employees. Top management needs to play an active role in this regard. Position The company that has been chosen for the study is McDonald’s Corporation. It is considered to be one of the biggest food chains in the globe pioneering in hamburger fast-food based restaurant. It is based in the United States, though McDonald’s has a global presence as at present the restaurant chain is operating in over 100 nations. In various places of the world where the company operates, it is either run by a franchise, an associate or the corporation itself. The company sells numerous products such as hamburgers, French fries along with chicken an d other breakfast item (McDonald’s, â€Å"Mission and Values†). McDonald’s mission statement aims at becoming one of the favorite places for the consumers. Its worldwide branches and subsidiaries have been linked with the global strategy which is known as ‘Plan to Win’. ... It believes in the fact that for the purpose of attaining success it is quite significant to have a trained workforce belonging to diverse backgrounds working in an environment as a team. The company assists its customers to build improved societies, endorses Ronald McDonald House contributions and thus these aspects positively impact upon their size, scope as well as possession to make the world a healthier place (McDonald’s, â€Å"Mission and Values†). The vision statement of the company is to be one of the top service restaurants offering speedy services to the customers. It wants to offer its customers with best quality, service, and cleanliness and value (McDonald’s, â€Å"Mission and Values†). McDonald’s is a business entity which is famous for its burgers and meals. The business of the company has been extended all over the world. The major stakeholders of the company are customer, employees, managers, financiers, and suppliers along with com munities in which it operates (McDonald’s Corporation, â€Å"The Values We Bring to the Table†). Thesis Statement The main objective of the paper is to discover the problems faced by McDonald’s and to identify the ways through which the problems can be resolved. Sense It can be observed that McDonald’s has been developing and extending its operations all over the globe since past few years. Even though the company seems to be convenient, clean and cheap there are a number of negative aspects related to the company especially its operational procedure. Despite paying the employees of the company with low wages and impacting other culture negatively to a certain extent, it has been observed that the company has been capable of positioning itself as having

The role of employee engagement in the delivery of enhanced Assignment

The role of employee engagement in the delivery of enhanced organizational performance - Assignment Example The psychological contract has been further explained in the light of the managerial roles. The managers expect that their subordinates will seek out for new challenges and foster loyalty towards the organization, at the same time the employees also expect that the organization will offer them sufficient work flexibility and growth opportunities. An employee will increase their individual output and responsibility if the organization gives more priority towards its staffs and offers them with perks and rewards. Thus it has been clearly stated that a proper leadership style along with a proper organizational culture will lead to increased employee engagement which as a result will improve the overall organizational performance. This report is a part of the unit assignment for the full time students of the Manchester Metropolitan University. The report contains the discussion over the work engagement of an employee in his organization and how it has been affected by the organizational behaviour. It highlights the relationship between the organizational output and the employee engagement. The role of managers and supervisors has also been discussed, which acts as a major factor in improving the organizational output by increasing employee engagement. This report has been backed up by several relevant articles and theories in order to justify the findings. This paper will help managers to identify the organizational behaviour responsible for higher employee engagement and increased organizational output. The managers will be able to relate their organization to this study and make necessary amendments in the firm policies which will eventually lead to voluntary employee commitment. This business report has been prepared on secondary data collected from various journal articles and theories from relevant organizational management books. Several real life examples which are cited in the paper have been collected from